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cobox-fl/cobox-fl-iap user guide part number 900-285 revision e 8/03
copyright and trademark ? 2003, lantronix. all rights reserved. no part of the contents of this book may be transmitted or reproduced in any form or by any means without the written permission of lantronix. printed in the united states of america. ethernet is a trademark of xerox corporation. unix is a registered trademark of the open group. windows 95, windows 98, windows 2000, and windows nt are trademarks of microsoft corp. netscape is a trademark of netscape communications corporation. lantronix 15353 barranca parkway irvine, ca 92618, usa phone: 949-453-3990 technical support phone: 800-422-7044 or 9949-453-7198 fax: 949-450-7226 on-line: www.lantronix.com/support
disclaimer and revisions operation of this equipment in a residential area is likely to cause interference in which case the user, at his or her own expense, will be required to take whatever measures may be required to correct the interference. attention: this product has been designed to comply with the limits for a class a digital device pursuant to part 15 of fcc rules. these limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against su ch interference when operating in a commercial environment. this equipment generates, uses, and can radiate radio frequency energy, and if not installed and u sed in accordance with this guide, may cause harmful interference to radio communications. changes or modifications to this device not explicitly approved by lantronix will void the user's authority to operate this device. the information in this guide may change without notice. the manufacturer assumes no responsibility for any errors whic h may appear in this guide. date rev. comments 07/01/01 c current release. 09/25/02 d revised for device installer, new format. includes all cobox-fl devices. 08/25/03 e updated warranty information.
declaration of conformity (according to iso/iec gu ide 22 and bs 7514) manufacturer?s name & address: lantronix, 15353 barranca parkway, irvine, ca 92618 usa declares that the following product: product name model: cobox-fl/cobox-fl-iap device server conforms to the following standards or other normative documents: safety: en60950:1992+a1, a2, a3, a4,a11 electromagnetic emissions: fcc part 15, subpart b, class a en55022: 1998 (cispr 22, class a: 1993, a1: 1995, a2: 1996) iec 1000-3-2/a14: 2000 iec 1000-3-3: 1994 electromagnetic immunity: en55024: 1998 information technology equipment-immunity characteristics iec61000-4-2: 1995 electro-static discharge test iec61000-4-3: 1996 radiated immunity field test iec61000-4-4: 1995 electrical fast transient test iec61000-4-5: 1995 power supply surge test iec61000-4-6: 1996 conducted immunity test iec61000-4-8: 1993 magnetic field test iec61000-4-11: 1994 voltage dips & interrupts test (l.v.d. directive 73/23/eec) supplementary information: this class a digital apparatus has been verified as being compliant within the class a limits of the fcc radio frequency device rules (fcc title 47, part 15, subpart b class a), measured to cispr 22: 1993 limits and methods of measurement of radio disturbance characteristics of information technology equipment. the produc t complies with the requirements of the low voltage directive 72/23/eec and the emc directive 89/336/eec. manufacturer?s contact: director of quality a ssurance, lantronix 15353 barranca parkway, irvine, ca 92618 usa tel: 949-453-3990 fax: 949-453-3995
warranty lantronix warrants each lantronix product to be free from defects in material and workmanship for a period of one year after the date of shipment. during this period, if a customer is unable to resolve a product problem with lantronix technical support, a return material authorization (rma) will be issued. following receipt of a rma number, the customer shall return the product to lantronix, freight prepaid. upon verification of warranty, lantronix will -- at its option -- repair or re place the product and return it to the customer freight prepaid. no services are handled at the customer's site under this warranty. this warranty is voided if the customer uses the produc t in an unauthorized or improper way, or in an environment for which it was not designed. lantronix warrants the media containing its software product to be free from defects and warrants that the software will operate substan tially according to lantronix specifications for a period of 60 days after the date of shipment . the customer will ship defective media to lantronix. lantronix will ship the replacement media to the customer. in no event will lantronix be responsible to the user in contract, in tort (including negligence), strict liability or otherwise for any special, indirect, incidental or consequential damage or loss of equipment, plant or power system, cost of capital, loss of profits or revenues, cost of replacement power, additiona l expenses in the use of existing software, hardware, equipment or facilities, or claims against the user by its employees or customers resulting from the use of the information, reco mmendations, descriptions and safety notations supplied by lantronix. lantronix liabi lity is limited (at its election) to: 1) refund of buyer's purchase price for such affected products (without interest) 2) repair or replacement of such products , provided that the buyer follows the above procedures. there are no understandings, agreements, representa tions or warranties, expressed or implied, including warranties of merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose, other than those specifically set out above or by any existing contract between the parties. any such contract states the entire obligation of lantronix. the c ontents of this document shall not become part of or modify any prior or existing agr eement, commitment or relationship.
sales offices the americas 15353 barranca parkway irvine, ca 92618, usa phone: (949) 450-7227 fax: (949) 450-7231 sales@lantronix.com france 2 rue hlne boucher 78280 guyancourt france tel: +33 1 39 30 41 74 fax: +33 1 39 30 41 73 europesud@lantronix.com germany karlstrasse 49 78054 vs-schwenningen germany tel: +49 (0)77 20 30 1620 fax: +49 (0)77 20 30 1688 ursula.koch@lantronix.com asia pacific 16th floor cheung kong center 2 queen's road central hong kong tel: +852 2297 2287 fax: +852 2297 2357 asiapacsales@lantronix.com emea sales (europe, mid east, africa) eu_sales@lantronix.com eu_order@lantronix.com emea technical support +49 (0) 7720 3016 20/57 eu_techsupp@lantronix.com
conte n ts table of contents 1. introduction ...................................................................................................................... 1-1 1.1 cobox-f l ........................................................................................................... 1-1 1.2 cobox-f l -iap device server ............................................................................ 1-2 1.2.1 industri a l automation protocols ......................................................... 1-3 1.3 network protocols .............................................................................................. 1-4 1.3.1 packing algorithm .............................................................................. 1-4 1.3.2 ip addr ess ........................................................................................... 1-4 1.3.3 port nu m b er ........................................................................................ 1-4 1.4 serial interface .................................................................................................... 1-5 1.4.1 channel 1 ............................................................................................ 1-5 1.4.2 channel 2 ............................................................................................ 1-6 1.5 rj-45 ethernet interface ..................................................................................... 1-6 1.6 rj-45 et h e rnet connector ................................................................................... 1-7 1.7 st-fiber ethernet con n ectors ............................................................................ 1-7 1.8 serial interface cable .......................................................................................... 1-8 1.9 network leds .................................................................................................... 1-8 1.10 serial l e ds ....................................................................................................... 1-9 1.11 dim e nsions ..................................................................................................... 1-10 1.12 pr oduct inform ation label .............................................................................. 1-10 1.13 s o ftware support ............................................................................................ 1-10 1.14 p o wer requirem e nts ....................................................................................... 1-11 1.15 technic a l specifications ................................................................................. 1-12 2. getting started ................................................................................................................. 2-1 2.1 addresses and port num b er ................................................................................ 2-1 2.1.1 ethernet (mac) address .................................................................... 2-1 2.1.2 internet protocol (ip) address ............................................................ 2-1 2.1.3 port nu m b er ........................................................................................ 2-2 2.2 phy s icall y connecting the unit .......................................................................... 2-2 2.3 metho d s of assigning the ip address ................................................................ 2-3 2.3.1 dhcp .................................................................................................. 2-4 2.3.2 autoip ................................................................................................. 2-4 2.4 deviceinstaller .................................................................................................... 2-5 2.4.1 install deviceinstaller software .......................................................... 2-5 c o bo x- fl use r g u ide i
conte n ts 2.4.2 assign ip address a nd network class ................................................ 2-6 2.4.3 test the ip address .............................................................................. 2-7 2.4.4 add the unit to the manage list ......................................................... 2-8 2.4.5 openin g a configura tion win dow .................................................... 2-10 2.5 arp and telnet ................................................................................................. 2-11 2.6 serial por t login ............................................................................................... 2-12 3. configuri n g the unit ........................................................................................................ 3-1 3.1 confi guri ng via web b r owser ............................................................................. 3-1 3.2 using deviceinstaller .......................................................................................... 3-2 3.3 web man a ger page ............................................................................................. 3-4 3.3.1 unit co nfiguration .............................................................................. 3-5 3.3.2 server properties ................................................................................. 3-6 3.3.3 port pro p erties ..................................................................................... 3-7 3.3.4 technical support ................................................................................ 3-9 3.3.5 update settings ................................................................................... 3-9 3.4 confi guri ng via the set up mo de win dow ......................................................... 3-10 3.4.1 using a telnet conn ection ................................................................ 3-10 3.4.2 using t h e serial port .......................................................................... 3-12 3.5 server co nfiguration ( n etwork configuration) ................................................ 3-12 3.5.1 ip addr ess ......................................................................................... 3-12 3.5.2 set gateway ip addr ess .................................................................... 3-12 3.5.3 netm ask: num b er of bits for host part ............................................ 3-13 3.5.4 change telnet configuration password ............................................. 3-14 3.5.5 dhcp nam i ng .................................................................................. 3-14 3.6 channel 1 configuratio n (serial port parameters) ............................................ 3-15 3.6.1 baudrate ............................................................................................ 3-15 3.6.2 i/f (inte rface) mode .......................................................................... 3-15 3.6.3 flow ................................................................................................... 3-16 3.6.4 port nu m b er ...................................................................................... 3-16 3.6.5 connect mode ................................................................................... 3-17 3.6.6 rem o te ip address ............................................................................ 3-20 3.6.7 rem o te port ....................................................................................... 3-20 3.6.8 disconnmode ................................................................................... 3-20 3.6.9 flush mode (buffer flushing) ........................................................... 3-21 3.6.1 0 pack control .................................................................................... 3-22 3.6.1 1 disconntim e (inactivit y tim e out) ................................................. 3-23 3.6.1 2 send characters ............................................................................... 3-23 3.6.13 telnet term inal ty pe ...................................................................... 3-23 3.6.1 4 chann e l (port) password ................................................................. 3-23 3.7 ex pert settings .................................................................................................. 3-24 3.7.1 tcp keepalive ti m e i n s .................................................................... 3-24 ii cobox - f l u s er guid e
conte n ts 3.8 securit y settings ............................................................................................... 3-24 3.8.1 disable snmp .................................................................................. 3-24 3.8.2 snmp co mm unity name ................................................................. 3-24 3.8.3 disable telnet setup ......................................................................... 3-25 3.8.4 disable tftp firmware upgrade ..................................................... 3-25 3.8.5 disable port 77fe (h ex) ................................................................... 3-25 3.8.6 disable web server .......................................................................... 3-25 3.8.7 enable enhanced password .............................................................. 3-25 3.9 factor y d e faults ................................................................................................ 3-25 3.10 e x it co nfiguration m ode ................................................................................ 3-26 3.11 get con f iguration ........................................................................................... 3-26 3.12 set co nf iguration ............................................................................................ 3-27 4. updating protocol (firm w are) ....................................................................................... 4-1 4.1 prot ocol firm ware .............................................................................................. 4-1 4.2 reloadin g protocol f i r m ware ............................................................................. 4-1 4.2.1 via deviceinstaller ............................................................................. 4-2 4.2.2 via tftp ............................................................................................ 4-4 4.2.3 via another unit ................................................................................ 4-5 4.2.4 via the serial port ............................................................................... 4-6 5. devicecom m manager .................................................................................................... 5-1 5.1 installing deviceco m m manager ....................................................................... 5-2 5.1.1 install deviceco m m manager ............................................................ 5-2 5.1.2 setup ................................................................................................... 5-3 6. troubleshooting ............................................................................................................... 6-1 6.1 technical supp ort ............................................................................................... 6-1 6.1.1 technical support ............................................................................... 6-1 7. monitor mode .................................................................................................................. 7-1 7.1 mo nitor mode ..................................................................................................... 7-1 7.1.1 enterin g monit o r m ode via the serial port ........................................ 7-1 7.1.2 enterin g monit o r m ode via the network port ................................... 7-1 7.1.3 monit o r mode commands .................................................................. 7-1 8. network configuration using udp ................................................................................ 8-1 8.1 udp datagram s .................................................................................................. 8-1 8.2 confi guri ng multi ple devices ............................................................................ 8-3 8.2.1 acquiri ng a valid setup record ......................................................... 8-3 8.2.2 sendin g a setup record ...................................................................... 8-4 8.2.3 the int e l hex form at .......................................................................... 8-5 8.2.4 calculating the check su m .................................................................. 8-6 8.2.5 calculating the two ? s com p lement ................................................... 8-6 cobox-f l user guide iii
conte n ts 8.3 setup records ...................................................................................................... 8-7 8.3.1 channel parameters ............................................................................. 8-8 8.3.2 interface mode .................................................................................... 8-9 8.3.3 baud rate .......................................................................................... 8-10 8.3.4 flow control ..................................................................................... 8-10 8.3.5 connect mode ................................................................................... 8-11 8.3.6 disconnect mode ............................................................................... 8-12 8.3.7 flush mode (buffer flushing) ........................................................... 8-13 8.3.8 pack control ...................................................................................... 8-13 8.4 ip addres ses ...................................................................................................... 8-14 8.4.1 network portio n ................................................................................ 8-14 8.4.2 sub n et portion ................................................................................... 8-14 8.4.3 host po rtion ....................................................................................... 8-15 8.4.4 network address ............................................................................... 8-15 8.4.5 broadcast address ............................................................................. 8-15 8.4.6 private ip networks and the intern et ................................................. 8-16 8.4.7 network rfcs ................................................................................... 8-16 9. binary to hex convers ion ................................................................................................ 9-1 9.1 con n ect mode option s ........................................................................................ 9-1 9.2 disconne ct mode options ................................................................................... 9-5 9.3 flush mo de (buffer flushing) opti o n s ............................................................... 9-7 9.4 interface mode options ..................................................................................... 9-13 9.5 pack con t rol options ........................................................................................ 9-14 10. ip addresses .................................................................................................................. 10-1 10.1 class a network ............................................................................................. 10-1 10.2 class b network .............................................................................................. 10-1 10.3 class c network .............................................................................................. 10-1 10.4 network address ............................................................................................. 10-2 10.5 broadca s t address ........................................................................................... 10-2 10.6 ip netmask ...................................................................................................... 10-2 10.7 pri v ate ip networks and the interne t ............................................................... 10-3 10.8 network rfcs ................................................................................................. 10-3 11. glossary ......................................................................................................................... 11-1 iv cobox - f l u s er guid e
conte n ts list of figur es figure 1 ? co box-fl-iap ..................................................................................................... 1-2 figure 2 - rj -45 con n ector .................................................................................................... 1-7 figure 3 ? cobox-fl connected to serial device and network .......................................... 2-2 figure 4 ? cd main wind ow ................................................................................................ 2-5 figure 5 - deviceinstaller window ........................................................................................ 2-6 figure 6 - assign ip addre ss window .................................................................................. 2-6 figure 7 - pi n g device window ............................................................................................ 2-7 figure 8 - se arch network window ...................................................................................... 2-8 figure 9 - devices in a group ................................................................................................ 2-9 figure 10 - d e vice management windo w ........................................................................... 2-10 figure 11 - l a ntronix web - manager ..................................................................................... 3-4 figure 12 - s e rver properties configuration o n the w e b browser ........................................ 3-6 figure 13 - s e tup mode w i ndow ......................................................................................... 3-11 figure 14 - d e vice installer ................................................................................................... 4-2 figure 15 - s earch network wind ow .................................................................................... 4-3 figure 16 - d e vices in a gr oup .............................................................................................. 4-3 figure 17 - u pgrade firmware .............................................................................................. 4-4 figure 18 - t ftp dialog box ................................................................................................ 4-5 figure 19 ? uds/cobox main windo w ................................................................................ 5-2 figure 20 - s a m p le setup record in int e l hex form at .......................................................... 8-3 c o box- fl user guide v
conte n ts list of tables table 1 - ethernet interface signals ....................................................................................... 1-7 table 2 - co box-fl le d functions ..................................................................................... 1-9 table 3 - technical specs ..................................................................................................... 1-12 table 4 - standard ip network netm asks ............................................................................ 3-13 table 5 - netmask exa m pl es ................................................................................................ 3-13 table 6 - interface mode o p tions ........................................................................................ 3-15 table 7 - co mmon interface mode settings ........................................................................ 3-16 table 8 - flo w control op tions ............................................................................................ 3-16 table 9 - con n ect mode options ......................................................................................... 3-17 table 10 - manual connection address exa m ple ................................................................ 3-18 table 11 - m odem mode co mmands ................................................................................... 3-19 table 12 - disconnect mode options ................................................................................... 3-20 table 13 - fl ush mode op tions ............................................................................................ 3-21 table 14 - pack control o p tions .......................................................................................... 3-22 table 15 - pr otocol firm ware ................................................................................................. 4-1 table 16 - problems and error message s ............................................................................... 6-2 table 17 - m onitor m ode co mmands .................................................................................... 7-2 table 18 -co mmand response codes .................................................................................... 7-2 table 19 - udp configur ation ............................................................................................... 8-1 table 20 - bl ock t y pes .......................................................................................................... 8-5 table 21 - setup record construction ................................................................................... 8-7 table 22 - ch annel parameters ............................................................................................... 8-8 table 23 - int e rface mode options ........................................................................................ 8-9 table 24 - co mmon interface mode settings ........................................................................ 8-9 table 25 - baud rate settings .............................................................................................. 8-10 table 26 - fl ow control o p tions .......................................................................................... 8-10 table 27 - co nnect mode options ....................................................................................... 8-11 table 28 - disconnect mode options ................................................................................... 8-12 table 29 - fl ush mode op tions ............................................................................................ 8-13 table 30 - pack control o p tions .......................................................................................... 8-13 table 31 - network portio n of ip address ........................................................................... 8-14 table 32 - available ip addresses ....................................................................................... 8-14 table 33 - st andard ip network netm asks .......................................................................... 8-15 table 34 - net m ask exa m p l es .............................................................................................. 8-16 table 35 - bi nary t o hexadecim a l conversion table ............................................................ 9-1 table 36 - co nnect mode options ......................................................................................... 9-2 table 37 - co nnect mode options for modem em ulation ..................................................... 9-4 vi cobox - f l u s er guid e
conte n ts table 38 - disconnect mode options .................................................................................... 9-5 table 39 - fl ush mode op tions ............................................................................................. 9-7 table 40 - int e rface mode options ...................................................................................... 9-13 table 41 - pack control o p tions ......................................................................................... 9-14 cobox-f l user guide vii

introdu ction 1 1 . . i i n n t t r r o o d d u u c c t t i i o o n n this manual describes the cobox-fl family of devic e servers, inc l uding the cobox-fl device server and the cob ox-fl-iap device server with industria l autom a tion protocols. most of the material in th is m a nual applies to all of t h e cobox-fl products. ho wever, in so m e cases there will be so me features t h at a pply to only one product. in those cases, a note will explain t h e variation. note: in most cases cobox - fl refer s to cobox-fl and cobox-fl-iap. 1.1 cobox-fl the cobox-fl device ser v er connects serial de vices to ethernet n e tworks using the ip protocol fam i ly (tcp for c onnection-ori e nted stream applications and udp for d a tagram applications). a few of the different typ es of serial devices supported are listed below: ? tim e /attendance clocks and term inals ? atm machines ? cnc controllers ? data collecti on devices ? universal power suppl y ( u ps) managem e nt units ? teleco mmunications equip m ent ? data di splay devices ? security alarms and acc e s s control devices ? handheld instruments ? modems the cobox-fl connects these devices through a tcp data channel or through a telnet connection to com puters or another device server. datagram s can be sent by udp. the cobox-f l supports r s -232, rs-4 2 2 /485 th ro ug h the db-25f channel 1 serial port. it supports rs- 232 t h rou gh t h e db-9m channel 2 serial port. it su pp orts 10mb/s ethernet through an r j -45 connector and through st-fiber connectors. it can be configur ed via http, snmp, dhcp or telnet. it contains a fl ash rom for easy software upgrades. cobox-f l user guid e 1-1
introduc t ion 1.2 cobox-fl-iap device server note: this section is for the cobox-fl-iap only. the lantroni x industrial a u tom a tion platform (ia p) fam ily of device servers allows a single network and protocol t o connect m u ltiple ser ial devices fro m many vendors. ia p provi des the autom a tio n ind u str y wit h a network-enabling sol u ti on usin g tcp / ip and stand a rd ethernet networks that is vendor-in d e pendent. by encapsulating serial data and transporting it over ethernet, the device server allows virtual serial links to be est ablished over ethern et and ip (tcp/ip, udp/ip) networks. as a result, lim ited distance, poi nt-to-poi nt, di rect serial connections can be extended within the plant, throughout t h e facility, or across the globa l ent e rprise. the following picture is one of the device se rvers in the iap fa m ily . figure 1 ? cobox-fl-iap lantronix pro v ides iap device servers specifically de signed for dif f erent industrial environm ents. ? cobox-dr1-iap, with a din rail interfa ce for harsh environm ents or alongside controls instr u ments in electrical panels. ? cobox-fl-iap, with fiber connectivit y for long cable runs or electrically hazardous environm ents. ? uds-10-iap, a co m p act d e vice server f o r use in less de m a nding environm ents. 1-2 cobox - f l u s er guid e
introdu ction a few exa m p l es of attache d devices are: ? plcs ? ac/dc drives ? cnc sy stem s ? operator panels and m e ssage displa y s ? process controls ? instrumentation ? power m onitoring eq uipment ? scales and weighing s y ste m s ? barcode scanners ? label printers ? most factory floor serial devices 1.2.1 industrial automation protocols iap device s e rvers, adapted to m u ltiple fact ory envir onm ents, can unite any m i xture of equipm ent from industrial automation v e ndors into a single reliable pipeline. t h is new and open infrastructure opens the way for data to fl ow in r eal ti m e fro m all your plant devices up to y o ur it la yer. iap device servers are delivered with iap sta ndard tunneling pr otocol and ca n be loaded with industri a l co mm unication prot ocol s. th e suite of protocols in clude df1 (rockwell automation) and modb us ( s chneider electric). where the iap standard tunneli ng pro t ocol is lim ited to exclusive, standard ascii devi ce-to-device connections, the industri a l protocols offer connections to other devices that require special formatting or features si mu ltaneously. for inform ati on about using any of the i ndus trial comm unication pr otocols, see the user manuals on the software cd or our web site. protocol fir m war e file s are also con t ained on the cd and new versions are availa ble from the lantroni x web site. you can set up the uni t usi ng the serial port, or rem o tely over ethe rnet using tel n et or a web browser. the cd that co m e s with your d e vice server includes deviceinstaller, a windows based configuration software that si m p lifi es the process of installing protocols and configuring the m for use with attached devi ces. iap device ser v ers use flas h m e mory for maintenance-free, non-vol atile storage wh ich allows for fast sy stem upgrades. cobox-f l user guid e 1-3
introduc t ion 1.3 network protocols note: cobox-fl refers to cobox-fl an d cobox-fl-iap except w h ere noted. the cobox-fl uses tcp/i p protocols f o r ne twork communication. the supporte d standards are: arp, udp, tcp, icmp, telnet, tftp, dhcp , autoip, and snmp. for t r ansparent connections, tcp/ip (binary stream ) or telnet protoc ols are used. firm ware upgrades can be made with the tftp protocol. the ip (internet protocol) protocol defines a ddressin g , routing, and data-block handling over the network. the tcp (trans m i ssion control pr otocol) assures that no data is lost or duplicated, and that every t hing sent into the c onnection on one side arrives at th e target exactly as it was s e nt. for t y pical da tagram applications where devices interact with others without m a intaining a point-to- poi nt connection, udp datagram is used. 1.3.1 packing al gorithm the two available packet al gorithm s (wh i ch de fine how and when packets ar e sen t to the network) are software s e le ctable. the standard algorit hm is optim ized for applications where cobox-fl is used in a local environm ent, allowi ng for very small delay s for single charact ers while try i ng t o keep the pa cket count lo w. the alternate packing algorithm m i nimizes the packet count on the networ k and is especially u seful fo r applications in routed wi de area networks. various param e ters can be set in th is m ode to econom ize the serial data stream. 1.3.2 ip address every active device connected to the tcp/ip netw ork m u st have a unique ip address. this ip address is used to reference a specific device, for exam pl e, to buil d a connection to cobox- fl? s serial port. see appendix a for a com p l e te descri p tion of ip a ddressing. 1.3.3 port number a destination ip address and a port num ber de fine ever y tcp conne ction and eve r y udp datagra m . a port num b er i s neces sary to address an a pplication or a channel on a network host. the port num ber can be com p ared to an extension on a pbx sy stem . a telnet application (login to a host with an ascii ter m inal) is co mmonly assigned tcp port num ber 23. more than on e telnet connection can be established to one host usin g the telnet port; however, the other pe er ip address/ port num b er co m b inations m u st be diffe rent. in the cobox-fl, a port num b e r can be c onfi gured on the channel (port). the cobox-fl uses this port n u mber for out goi ng m e ssages and in com i ng connections, or udp datagram s, which are address ed to its port num b er. port 9999 (decimal) is used for rem o t e configuration. 1-4 cobox - f l u s er guid e
introdu ction 1.4 serial interface the cobox-fl has two ser ial ports. ch 1 uses a db- 25f (dce) connector and supports rs- 232, rs-422/ 485. ch 2 uses a db-9 co nnector a nd s upports rs-232 onl y . it supports 10mb/ s ethernet thro ugh t h e rj-45 (10base-t) connect or or the st-fib e r (10base-fl). it can be configured vi a http, snmp, dhcp or telnet. it contains a flash rom for easy software upgrades. c h 2 c h 1 s t a t e d b - 9 s e ri a l p o rt (dt e ) d b - 2 5 s e ri a l p o rt ( dce ) le d s 1.4.1 channel 1 the cobox-f l c h a n n e l 1 i s a f e m a l e d b - 2 5 f supp or ting rs-23 2 c, rs-485, or rs-422 dce serial interface. the default serial port settings are 960 0 baud, 8 dat a bits, no pari ty, and 1 stop bit. 1 d b - 25f r s - 232/ 4 8 5 tx ( i n p u t ) rx (o u t p u t ) r t s ( i np ut tx + ( o u t ) t x - (o u t ) ) cts (o u t p u t ) ds r (o u t p u t ) d t r ( i np ut ) rx- (i n ) 13 25 14 ( n ote 2) gnd dc d ( o u t p u t ) re g . + 5 v d c rx+ (i n ) ( n ote 1) ( n ot e 2) re g . + 9 -3 0 v dc ( n ote 1) note 1: the devic e serv e r can alternately be powere d up via the serial port using one of these pins. note 2: the minus sign (-) is sometimes show n as a ( txa), and the plus sign is s o metimes shown as b ( txb) for rs-485 2 - wire functionalit y , conne ct pin 14 to 2 1 , and con n ect pin 1 5 to 22 . cobox-f l user guid e 1-5
introduc t ion 1.4.2 channel 2 the cobox-fl channel 2 i s a m a l e db- 9 m supporting rs-232c d te serial interface. 5 d tra ( o u t ) tx a ( o u t ) rxa ( i n ) 1 dc da (i n ) gnd 9 6 cts a (i n ) rts a (o u t ) 1.5 rj-45 ethernet interface the cobox-f l ?s back pan e l contains a 9-30v ac/dc power plug , four leds, an st-fiber (10base-fl) ethernet por t, and an rj-4 5 (10ba se-t) ethernet port. both ethernet ports support 10 m bps and are auto detecting. 1 0 b a s e - t e - f l t x g l 9 - 3 0 v a c / d c 1 0 b a s t x r x r x c o 10b as e - f l et her net p o r t le d s po w e r 9- 30v a c / d c 10b as e- t et h e r net p o r t note: do not attempt to co nnect both et hernet ports simultaneousl y . if one is us ed, the other is disabled. 1-6 cobox - f l u s er guid e
introdu ction 1.6 rj-45 ethernet connector the next dra w ing shows a t y pical rj-45 connector. the color is n o t standard b u t ver y t ypical patch cable. pin 1 is l o cated at the top of the connec t or (orange + white). the connector. of an etherne t view is fro m the end of the or a n g e + w h i t e or a n g e gr e e n + w h i t e bl u e b l ue + wh i t e bro w n c o n nec t o r e n d 1 8 1 - t x + 6 - rx - gr e e n b r own + whit e v i ew f r om 2 - t x - 3 - rx + et h e rne t (r j4 5 ) figure 2 - rj-45 connect or table 1 - ethernet inte rface signals signal name dir pin primary fu nction tx+ out 1 tran smit dat a + tx- out 2 tran smit dat a - rx+ in 3 d i f f e r e n t i a l e t hern e t re cei v e data + rx- in 6 d i f f e r e n t i a l e t hern e t re cei v e data - 1.7 st-fiber ethernet connectors t h e c o b o x - f l also suppor ts 10mbit et h e rnet through an st-fiber ethernet conn ector. note: do not attempt to co nnect both et hernet ports simultaneousl y . if one is us ed, the other is disabled. tx rx cobox-f l user guid e 1-7
introduc t ion 1 t e r f a c e . 8 s e r i a l i n c a b l e t h e c o b o x - f l c a n b e c o n n l o r e t h e r n e t d e v i c e f o r s e t u p a n d c o n f i g u r a t i o n . t r s l i - 2 d b - 2 5 b l o c k c o n e c t e d t o a s e r i a h e s e r i a l d e v i c e c a n b e - 2 3 2 or rs-485/4 22. t h e following diagram shows a t y p i c a n t e r f a c e c a b l e f o r t h e r s 3 2 s e r i a l i n t e rface. the uds-m-sbc i s an optional m a l e t o r s - 4 8 5 s c r e w n ector. 13 25 dc e , 25- p i n, m a l e tx (in ) rx( i n) gnd 4 5 9 8 3 2 7 1 6 ct s rt s dt r ds r tx d rx d 9 - p i n, f e ma le dt e , 1 14 2 3 4 5 6 1 o r k l e d 20 . 9 n e t w s the followin g t a b l e e x p l a i n s t h e f u n c t i o n of the fo ur network leds. tx g l rx co 9- 30v ac/ dc led meaning gl (go od lin k ) rt is co nne cte d to lights solid g r een to indi ca te network po the netwo rk. tx (n etwo rk tran s m i t ) ckets are tran smitti ng. blinks yello w to indicate n e t work pa rx (network re ceive) r k p a ckets are re ceivin g . blinks yello w to indicate n e t w o co (colli sion ) blinks red to i ndicate network colli sion s. 1-8 cobox - f l u s er guid e
introdu ction 1.10 serial leds sim u l t a n e o u s l y l i t r e d a n d green leds means so m e t h ing is wrong. if the red l e d is lit or n i t s p a u s e s . b l ink patterns t h e f u n c t i o n s of the three blinking, count the num ber of tim e s the green l e d b l i n k s b e t w e e indicate which fault condit i on exists. th e followi ng ta b l e e x p l a i n s serial led s. c h 2 c h 1 s t a t e le d s table 2 - co box-fl led functions led meaning green ch 1 lights solid g r een to indi ca c o nnec tion to or from the network blinks g r e en to indicate tha t te that chann el 1 doe s not have a . chann el 1 d oes h a ve a conne ction to r from the network. o yellow ch 2 lights solid y e llow to indi to or from the network . blinks yello w to indicate ch annel 2 d o e s have a co nne ction to or from the network. cate cha nnel 2 doe s not ha ve a conn ecti on red diag no stic blinks o r light s soli d red in combi nation with the gre e n (ch ann el 1) led to indica te diagno stics and error d e tection. r e e n ( c h a nnel 1) blinki ng: c h e c k s u m e rro r 5x: no dhcp resp on se received red s o l i d , g 1 x : e p r o m 2x : ram erro r 3x: token ring error 4x: eeprom c h ec ks um error 5x: duplicate d ip addre ss on the network red bli n kin g , gree n (cha nn el 1) blin king: 4x: faulty network conn ecti on cobox-f l user guid e 1-9
introduc t ion 1.11 dimensi ons the cobox-f l dim e nsions are shown in the followin g drawing. note: for cobox-fl and cobox-fl-iap. 1 0 b a s e - t 10 b a s e - f l t x r x t x g l r x c o 9 - 30v a c / d c 6.5 i n . ( 1 6 . 51 c m ) ) 4.4 6 i n . ( 1 1.3 4 c m 1.3 9 i n . ( 3 .55 c m ) r e m o v a bl e g u a r d 1.12 product information label the product i n form ation label contains im porta nt inform ation about y our specific unit. se ri a l nu m b er s / n: 52 26 863 co b o x- f l - i a p 00 - 2 0 - 4 a - 52- 68- e f m a d e in u s a pa rt nu m b e r m ac i d rev. a11 revi si on 1.13 software support deviceinstall er is a powerful software utilit y for confi guring device servers fro m a network connection. for m o re infor m ation, see using deviceinstaller on p a ge 3-2. lantronix deviceco m m m a nager is a w i ndows b ased com port redirector software utility. its function is to redirect custo m er applic ati on data destined for a loc a l serial (com) port to the pc?s net w ork port. rather than goi ng o u t th e loc a l port, the da ta is transm itt ed across the ethernet network port using the tcp/ip protocol. for m o r e information, see de vicecom m m anager on page 5-1. 1-10 cobox - f l u s er guid e
introdu ction 1.14 power requirements the cobox-f l is shipped with a 12vdc, 0 . 8 a , 1 00- 240vac, 50- 60hz power suppl y, but v a c / d c a n d 3 0 v ac/dc can be used. any power suppl y between 9 1 0 b a s e - t 1 0 b a s e - f l r x t x t x g l 9 - 3 0 v r x c o a c / d c po we r 9 - 3 0 v ac/ d c cobox-f l user guid e 1-11
introduc t ion 1.15 technical specifications table 3 - technical specs category des c ription cpu, memo r y amd 188es cpu, 20m h z clo ck, 12 8kb y te ram flash, epro m 512 kbyte flash prom installabl e serial protocols standard tun nel (cobox-f fl-iap), df1 (cobox-fl-i ap) l, and cobox - fl -iap), modbu s (cobox- serial interfa c e db-2 5f, rs -232 c or rs -4 db-9m, rs-2 32c (dte pin baud rate se lectabl e from 22/485 (dce pinout) out) 300b ps to 11 5kbps powe r suppl y external ada pter for 9 - 30v ac/dc, 3 watts max dimen s io ns 16.51 cm (6.5 in) , 11.34 cm (4.46 in) , 3.55 cm (1.39 in) weig ht .48 kg (1.10 lbs) tempe r atu r e operating ran ge: 5 to +50 c (41to12 2 f) max temperat ure chan ge p e r hou r: 20 c (36 f) storage rang e: -40 to +66 c (-4 0 to 151 f) humidity 10% to 90% rh, no n-co n den sing, 40% to 60% reco mmend ed ca se metal ca se wi th mounting flange s. protocols su pporte d auto ip, arp, udp/ip , tcp/ip, telnet, icmp, snmp, dhcp, bootp, tft p, and http network interfac e rj-45 10 base-t or st-fiber 10base-fl serial lin e format s cha r a c ters: 7 or 8 data bits stop bits: 1,2 parity: odd, even, none modem control dtr, dcd, cts, rts, dsr flow control cts/rts (ha r dware) xon/xoff (s oftware) manag eme n t internal web serve r (stan d a rd tu nneli n g only) snmp (read only) serial login telnet login system software wind ows? 9 5 /98/me /nt/ 2000 b a sed configuration software leds netw or k tra n s mit, netw or k rec e iv e, go od lin k , colli sion s, ch ann el 1 status, cha nnel 2 status, diagn osti c compatibility ethernet: version 2.0/ieee 802.3 1-12 cobox - f l u s er guid e
getting started 2 2 . . g g e e t t t t i i n n g g s s t t a a r r t t e e d d this section describes all t h e procedures for configuri ng your unit. for a short ve rsion, see the quick start guide. go to the lantronix web site for the latest firmwar e and re lease notes. cobox-fl co mes with standard tun n el protoc ol and the cobox-fl-iap co m e s with the iap standard tun n el protocol. both versions are sim i lar but cannot be i n terchanged. standard tunneling is a serial co mm unications protocol used b y m o st lantronix device servers. it can be configured to ethernet-enable m o st se ri al devices s u ch as barcode scanners, w e igh scales, operator panels, data access devices, alp h a num eri c display s , and thousands of intelligent serial device s . for cobox-fl-iap users , see industrial automati o n protocols o n page 1-3 loading i ndu strial protocol s to a cobox- fl -iap, such as iap modbus bridge, may rem ove the web pages and change the configure dialogs. see the user m a nuals on indi vid u al protocols for protocol specific settin gs and configura tion dialogs. protocol manuals are fo und on the software c d . this section describes the setup and configuration dialogs for the standard tunnel prot o c ol. note: the foll owing inf o rmation is based on the co ndit i on th at a co box-fl is loa d ed with stand ard tu n n el protocol. the cobox-fl-iap with iap stan dard tunnel proto c ol may have different options available. 2.1 addresses and port number 2.1.1 ethernet (mac) address the ethernet address is als o referred to as the hardwa re address or the mac address. the first three by tes of the ethernet address are fi xed and read 00-20-4a, identify i ng the unit as a lantronix product. the fourth, fifth, and sixth by tes are unique numbers assigned to each unit. 00-20-4a-21-18-17 or 00:20:4a:21:18:17 2.1.2 internet protocol (ip) address every device connected to an ip network m u st have a unique ip address. this address is used to reference t h e specific unit. cobox-f l user guid e 2-1
getting started 2.1.3 port number every tcp c onnection and every udp datagra m is d e fined by a destination ip address and a port num b er. for exam ple, a telnet application commonly uses port num ber 23. a port num ber is similar to an extension on a pbx sy stem . the unit 's se rial channel (port) can be associ ated wit h a specific t c p/udp port num ber. port num ber 9999 is reserved fo r access to the unit' s setup (configuration) mode window. 2.2 ph y s ically connecting the unit the followin g diagram sh ows a ty pical hardware configuration f o r the cobox-f l . use one of the cables described in serial interface cable on p a ge 1-8 to co nnect a pc com port to the cobox-fl. e t h e rnet rs -232 9 - 30v a c / d c e t h e r net 1 0 b a s e - t e - f l t x g l 9 - 3 0 v a c / d c 1 0 b a s t x r x r x c o f i g u r e 3 ? c o b o x - f l c o nnected to serial device and network 1. connect a serial device to your u n it. see serial interface cable on page 1-8 for m o re inform ation about cable an d connector s p ecifications. 2. connect an ethernet cable to one of the ethernet port s . 3. suppl y powe r to y o ur un it using a 9-3 0 v ac/dc source. note: the required input voltage is 9-3 0 v ac/dc (3 w maximum). 4. suppl y powe r to the serial device. note: connecting a device to an active ethernet network can disrupt communications on t h e network. mak e sure the dev i ce is configured for your applicati on b e fore connecting to an active network. 2-2 cobox - f l u s er guid e
getting started 2.3 methods of assigning the ip address the unit' s ip address m u st be configured before a network connection is available. you have the following optio ns for a ssigning an i p to y o ur u n it : method description dhcp a dhcp se rver autom atica lly assig n s th e ip addre ss and net wo rk set t i ng s. s e e dhcp on page 2-4. d e viceins t aller (recommen d ed) you manu ally assi gn the ip address u s in g a gra phi cal use r interfa c e (g ui) on a p c attach ed to a netwo rk. see de vi cei n st aller on p age 2-5. arp and tel net you manu ally assi gn the ip address an d other n e two r k settings at a comm and p r o m pt usin g a unix or wi nd ows-ba sed system. only o ne perso n at a time ca n be lo gged into t he config uration port (p ort 99 9 9 ). this elimi nat es the po ssibi lity of several peopl e sim u ltaneo usly attempting to config ure the unit. see arp and telnet on page 2 - 1 1 . autoip this a u tomati c metho d is a ppropri a te wh en you have a small g r ou p of host s rath er than a la rge n e two r k. thi s method all o ws the ho sts to negotiate with each othe r and a ssi gn a ddresse s, in effect creatin g a s m a ll ne tw or k. se e autoip on page 2 - 4. serial port lo gin you initially configu r e the u n it throug h a se rial conn ection. see serial port login o n page 2-12. these methods are describ ed in the rema ining sections of this chapt e r. note: in most installations, a fixed ip ad dress is desi r able. the systems administrator generally provides the ip address. obtain the fo llowing information before starting to set up your unit: ip address: ___ ___ ___ ___ subnet m a sk: ___ ___ __ _ ___ gateway: ___ ___ __ _ ___ cobox-f l user guid e 2-3
getting started 2.3.1 dhcp the unit ships with a default ip address of 0. 0.0.0, which autom a ti c a lly enables dhcp. provided a d h cp server exists on the network, it will assign the unit an ip address, gateway address, and subnet m ask when the unit boots up. the cobox-fl ha s acquired an ip address if the red le d stops flashing and t h e gr een gl led is on continuously . (if no dhcp server exists, the uni t responds with a diagnosti c error: the red diagnostic led blinks continu ousl y , and the green gl led blinks five times. this blinking onl y conti n ues for about 5 seconds.) you can use the deviceinst a ller softwar e to search the network for the ip y our unit has been assigned by the dhcp ser ver and add it to the m a nag e d list. see add the unit t o the m anage list later in this chapter. note: this dhcp address will not appe ar in the unit? s standard configurati on s creens. you can determine your unit?s dhcp-assig n ed ip ad dress from the dhcp s erv er , or in monitor mode. when you enter monitor mode from th e serial port with net w ork connect ion enabled and issue the nc (network communication) command, you will se e the unit?s i p configurati o n . 2.3.2 autoip the unit ships with a default ip address of 0. 0.0.0, which autom a ti c a lly enables auto ip within the uni t . autoip is an alternative to dhcp that allows hosts to autom a tical ly obtain an ip address in s m all e r netw orks that m a y not have a d h cp server. a range of ip addresses (from 169.254.0.1 to 169.254.2 55.254) has been explicitly reserved for autoip- e nabled devices. the range of auto ip addresses is not to be us ed over the internet. if your unit c a nnot find a dhcp server , and y o u have not m a nuall y assigned an ip address to it, the unit automatically selects an addre ss fro m the a u toip reserved range. then, y our unit sends out a (arp) request to other node s on th e same network to s ee whether the selected address is bei ng used. ? if t h e selected address is not i n use, the n th e u n it u s es it for lo cal subn et commu n i catio n . ???? ? if a n othe r devi ce is usi n g the selected ip addr ess, t h e unit selects anot her address from the aut o ip ra n g e a n d re b oot s i t s el f. aft e r re b oot , t h e uni t se n d s out a n ot he r a r p re que st t o s ee i f the selected a d dress is in use, and s o on. autoip is not intended to r e place dhcp . the un it wil l continue t o l ook for a dhcp server on the network. i f a dhcp server is found, t h e unit will s w itch to the dhcp server-provided address and reboot. note: if a dhcp server is f ound, but it denies th e req uest for an ip address, the unit does not attach to the network, but waits and ret ries. autoip can be disabled by setting the unit?s ip addres s to 0.0. 1.0. t h is setting en ables dhcp but disables autoip. 2-4 cobox - f l u s er guid e
getting started 2.4 deviceinstaller you can manually assign t h e ip address using de viceinstaller software, which is found on t h e product cd. i f you want t o use a serial connection i n stead of an eth e rnet connection to configure the device, go to serial port l ogin on page 2-12. 2.4.1 install devicei nstalle r softw a re 1. insert the product cd into your cd-rom drive. the cd will automatically start and display the main window. if the cd does not launch a u tom a tically : a) click the start button on the task bar and select r un. b) enter y o ur cd drive letter, colon, bac k slash, deviceinstaller.exe (e.g., e:\deviceinstaller.exe). figure 4 ? cd main window 2. click the device installer button . the i n stallation wizard window display s . 3. respond to t h e installation wizard pro m pts. (when pro m pted to select an installation type, select typical.) cobox-f l user guid e 2-5
getting started 2.4.2 assign ip addr e s s a n d n e t w ork class click the start button on the task bar an d select program s ??\d evice installer ??\device installer . the device installer window display s . figure 5 - device installer w i n d o w 1. click the ip icon . t y s . h e assign ip addre s s w i n d o w d i s p l a figure 6 - assign ip address window 2. in the enter the hardwar e or etherne t addres s fie l d, enter the ethernet address (ma c address), whi c h is listed on the label on the side of the unit. 2-6 cobox - f l u s er guid e
getting started 3. in the enter ip addre ss t o assign f i e l d , e n t e r t h e u n i t ? s ip address in s 6. a t the ?assign ip succes sful? mess age display s and click ok. 7. click the back butto n to re turn to t h e deviceinstaller window. xxx.x xx.x xx.xx x format. 4. i n t h e p c n e t w o r k c l a s s s e ction, select the class (sub net mask). ( m ost users se lect clas c). 5. click the set ip address button. (ip is assigned, pinged, and tested) confirm t h 2.4.3 test the ip address 1. click the ping icon . the p i ng device window displa y s . y in t h e window, indicating that t h e ip , make sure t h e unit is properly assigned is valid f o r the particular network segment you are working with. if you are not sure, check with your syst ems administrator. r n t o t h e device installer window. figure 7 - ping device wi ndow 2. confirm that ?reply received? m e ssages displa address has b een entered s u ccess fully . note: if you do not receive ?reply rec eiv e d? messages attached to the network and that the ip address 3. click the back butt on t o r e t u cobox-f l user guid e 2-7
getting started 2.4.4 add the unit to the manage list now add the unit to the list of sim ilar lantronix devic es on the net w o r k s o t h a t you can manage and configure it. 1. click the search the net w ork for devices icon. t display s . h e search network window ss. clas s c is the default. i c 4 . c l i c 5. click . figure 8 - search network window 2. select the pc n e t w o r k c l a 3 . c l k the start search button. a list of all active units display s . k the save button. a confirm a tion message display s . ok 2-8 cobox - f l u s er guid e
getting started 6. click the back butto n t o r e window now l i s t s a l l o f t h e turn to t h e deviceinstaller window. the deviceinstaller d e v i c e s i n t h e group, including t h e unit you are setting up. the hardware address and fir m war e rele a se num be r for the unit display . u r e 9 - d e v i c e s in a group y o u can manage (configure) the uni t so that it works with the serial device on the o r k . f i g n o w n e t w cobox-f l user guid e 2-9
getting started 2.4.5 opening a conf i g u r a t i o n w i n d o w 1. click the manage icon . the device managem e nt window displa ys. figure 10 - device management window 2. do one of the following: note: to assign expert settings an d secu rity se ttings, you must use the setup m o de window in a telnet session. ? to config ure the unit via a web browser, click the web configuration icon . the lantroni x web-manager window d i splay s in yo u r browser. for web configuration, see w e b manager page on page 3- 4. ? to configure the unit via a telnet sessio n , click the telnet to device icon . the setup mode window display s . for telnet configuration, see using a telnet connection o n page 3-1 0 3. continue with the appropriate configurati on procedure described in the next chapter. note: the get configurati o n icon o n th e device m anagement wind ow allows yo u to save a configurati o n locally on your computer as a file. the set configuration icon sends a saved file to the unit . to get configuration infor m ation see get configuration on page 3-26. t o set configuration of a specific device see s e t configurat ion o n page 3 - 27. 2-10 cobox - f l u s er guid e
getting started 2.5 arp and telnet the unit ? s ip address m u st be configured before a n e t w o r k c o n n e c t i o n i s a v a i l a b l e . y o u a r e i n t e n n the product e n h a r d w a re t h e i p a d d r e s s m u st be a host other than t h e m a chine on which you ar e working. o n ce there is at least l l o w i n g c o m m a n d t o a r p a n i p a d d r e s s telnet 191.12.3.77 1 o p o r t 9999, and pre ss enter within three seconds to go r t h a n three seconds, the unit will reboot and you will l t e m r t o h e ip address. able to arp an address into a cobox/uds device even if there is already an address in the unit. if t h e unit has no ip address, y o u can use address resolution protocol (a rp) m e thod from unix a nd windows-based sy stems to assign a te m porary ip address. if y o u want to initially configure the unit through the ne twork, follow t h e s e s t e p s : 1. on a unix o r windows-based host, create an entry i n the host' s arp table using the d e d i p a ddress and the hardware address of the unit, which is f o u n d o label on the bottom of the unit. s o m e unix h o s t s u s e c o l o n s ? : ? b e t w e octets, and some use dashes ?-?. all windows hosts use dashes. arp -s 191.12.3.77 00:20:4a:xx:xx:xx note : for the arp command to work on windows 95, the arp tabl e on the pc m u s t h a v e a t least one ip address defined other than its own. 2. if you are usi ng win dows 95, t ype arp -a at the dos command prom p t t o v e r i f y t h a t there is at least one entr y i n the arp table. if the loc a l m achine is the onl y entr y, ping another ip address on y our network to build a n e w e n t r y i n t h e a r p t a b l e ; one additional entry in the arp table, use t h e f o to the unit: arp -s 191.12.3.77 00-20-4a-xx-xx-xx 3. open a telnet connection t o port 1. the connection will fail quickl y , but the unit will te m porarily c h ange its ip address to the one designated in this step. 4. finall y , open a t e l n e t c o n n e c t i o n t into setup mode. if y o u w a i t l o n g e need to perfor m step 3 aga i n. telnet 191.12.3.77 9999 5. set all required param e ters note: the ip address you just set is temporary and w i l l r e v e r t t o t h e d e f a u v a l u e w h e n t h unit 's power is reset unless you log i n to the un it and s t o r e t h e c h a n g e s p e r a n e n t l y . r e f e c h a p t e r o n c o n f i g u r a t i o n f o r t h e i n s t r u c tions on permanently confi guring t cobox-f l user guid e 2-11
getting started 2.6 serial port login if you want t o initiall y configure the uni t through a serial connection, follow t h ese steps: , to d down the x key at the terminal (or n . to 0 . 1. connect a console term inal or pc run n i ng a term inal em ulation pro g ram to your unit' s serial port. the default serial port settings are 9600 baud, 8 bits, no parit y , 1 stop bit, no flow control. 2. to enter setup mode, c y cl e the unit' s power (power off and back o n ) . a f t e r p o w e r - u p the self-test b e gins and the red diagnostic led starts blinki ng. yo u have one s e c o n d enter three lowerc ase x ch aracte r s. ode is to hol note: the easiest way to enter setup m emulation) w h ile powering up the unit. 3. at this point, the screen display is the s a m e a s w h e n y o u u s e a t e l n e t c o n n e c t i o continue with a serial port login, go t o using a telnet connection o n page 3-1 2-12 cobox - f l u s er guid e
config ure 3 3 . . c c o o n n f f i i g g u u r r i i n n g g t t h h e e u u n n i i t t ur ? use a st andar d web browser to acces s t h e unit? s internal web pages and configure the unit over t h e network. t h is is the easi est and prefer red m e thod. ? use a telnet connection to configure the unit o v er the network. ? use a ter m ina l or term inal e m ulation progra m to acce s s the serial port locally . the unit ? s configuration is stored in nonvola tile memor y (nvram ) and is retained without power. you can change the configuratio n at any tim e. the unit performs a reset after the configuration has been changed and stor ed. note: the configurati on m e nus in this s ection show a typical device and all of t h e possible configuration options. your device ma y have different configuration options. 3.1 configur ing via web browser you m u st co nfigure the u n it so that it c a n co mmunicate on a network with your s e r i a l d e v i c e . for exam ple, you m u st set the way the unit will respond to serial and network tr affic, how it will handle serial packets, and when to st art or close a connection. you can configure y o unit locall y o r rem o tely usi ng the foll owing pr ocedures: open your j ava enabled web browser and enter the ip address. the lantronix web manager page will display. go to w e b m anager pag e for a su mmary of the m e nu selections. note: the cobox-fl-iap may not have a web page or may use a different format web page. cobox-f l user guid e 3-1
config ure 3 . 2 u s i n g d e v i c e i n s t a l l e r deviceinstall er is a powerful software utilit y for confi guring device servers fro m a network connection. t h is section uses the utilit y t o dem onstrat e the various methods of configuri n g d e v i c e . t h e d e v i c a e m a n a g e m e nt window is a co mmon page for gaining access to different 1 start deviceinstaller. click the search for network for devices icon menus. . . the search network window displa y s . 2. click the start search button. a list of all active units display s . 3. click the save button. click ok for the confirmation message. click the back b u tton. 4. click the manage device configuration icon to ope n the device managem e nt window. 5. for web conf iguration, clic k the web configuration icon to start your br owser. (a sm all web configuration window appears, showing the ip address.) e l e c t i o n s . l r e a d y has an ip address (s ee methods of assi gning the ip address), you g a s t a n d a r d w e b b r o w s e r t hat is java enabled. type the unit ' s ip address go to w e b manager page on page 3- 4 f o r a summary of the m e n u s n o t e : i f y o u r u n i t a can log i n to i t u s i n into the web browser' s ur l (address/location) field. 3-2 cobox - f l u s er guid e
config ure 6. for telnet configuration, click the telnet to device i c on. a sm all telnet to device window appears, showing the ip address and the port address. the main lantronix r w i n d o w o p ens. go to using a telnet connection on page 3-10 f o r a su mmary of t h e menu selections. g u r a t i o n on page 3-26. i n a file. o n o f a s p e c i f i c d e vice see set configura tion on page 3- 27 be configured b y reading a confi guration file and sending the i n for m ation to the u n i v e r s a l d e v i c e s e r v e 7. to get device configuration inform ation see g e t c o n f i configuration inform ation can be read from a device a n d s a v e d 8. t o s e t t h e c o n f i g u r a t i a device can device. cobox-f l user guid e 3-3
config ure 3.3 web manager pa ge note: the cobox-fl-iap may not have a web page or may use a different format web page. you can start a web browser for configura tion by opening your java enabled web browser and entering the ip address or by clicking the web configuration managem e nt window. the lantronix w e b manager page will display . button on the device b-manager o llowing butt ons: (also factory settin g s 2 for d e v i ces with two serial ch ann e ls) ? upd a te settings ? c h an nel 1 (al s o c h an nel 2 f o r devi ces wi t h t w o seri al c h an nel s v i g a t e t o sub pages where y o u can configure server c o n f i g ura tion parameters lat e r in this chapter. e y o u r s e t t i n g s . figure 11 - l a ntronix we web manager 3.0 has the f ? un it c o nfigu r atio n ? server properties ? port properties ? facto r y settin gs1 ) ? tech supp or t ? ftp ? site ? b ack t o w e b- m a nage r ? c ont act us 1. use the menu (pushbu ttons ) t o n a settings. see explanations o f t h e 2. when y o u are finished, click the update settings b u t t o n t o s a v 3-4 cobox - f l u s er guid e
config ure 3.3.1 unit configuration click the unit configuration butt on t o display the fo llowing dialo g bo x. this p a g e c o n t a i n the server configuration and the port confi guration s e ttings. these are static sett i ngs read from the devi ce. note: the foll owing screen shots represent the w e b p a g e s h o w n w h s e n t h e d e v i c e is loaded with cbxw300 .cob firmware. cobox-f l user guid e 3-5
config ure 3 . 3 . 2 s e r v e r p r o p erties you can change the server properties by editing an y of t h e f i e l d s . l i n g e r i n g over one of the f i e l d s w s w i l l r e quire you t o enter the n e w i p i l l d i s p l a y o p e r a t o r messages. ch anging t h e ip a d d r e s a d d r e s s i n t h e b r o w s e r t o r e l o a d the page. f i g r e t e n e t p a s s word u l mode via a telnet connection to port 99 99. th e pass word is lim ite d to 4 charact ers. (an n e t setup mode window.) note: no password is required to access the setup mode window vi a a serial connection. 1 2 - s e r v e r propert ies configuration on the web browser in the telnet password fiel d, enter a passwor d to prevent unauthorized acc ess to the setup enhanced password setting of 16 characters is av ailabl e u n d e r s e c u r i t y s e t t i n g s o n t h e t e l 3-6 cobox - f l u s er guid e
config ure 3.3.3 port properties s e r i a l p r o t o c o l : r s 2 3 2 , rs422/4 85 4- w i r e , r s 4 8 5 2-wire speed: 1 , 57 600 , 1152 00 character si parity : n s t o p b i f l o w c o a c t e r s to host, cts/rts ( h a r d w 2 0 0, 2400 , 48 00, 9 600, 192 00, 3 8 4 0 0 z e : 8, 7 o n e , even, odd t : 1 , 2 n t r o l : n o n e , x o n /xoff, xon /xoff pass c h a r a r e) udp dat a gra m mode: ena b l e , d i s a b l e udp dat a gra m ty pe: (use r select able) incom i ng connection: accept unconditional, accept incom i ng/dt r (inactive), never ac cept incom i ng response: n o thing (quiet), character re sponse startup: no active startup, with an y charact er, with active dtr (inactive), with cr (0x0d) onl y , man u al connection, autostart, modem mode re m o te ip a ddress: (user select able) re m o te port: (user sele c tab l e) local port: 1 0001 (default 100 01, user selectable) cobox-f l user guid e 3-7
config ure on active connection: ena b le, disable on passive connection: e n able, disable at ti m e of d i sconnect: enable, disable p a c k i n g a l g o r i t h m : enable , disable idle time: force transmit 12 m s , force tr ansm it 52 ms, force transmit 250 m s , force transm it 5000 m s trailing characters: none, one, two send immedi ate after sen d chars: enable, disable send define2-by te sequen ce: enable, disable send charact er 01: (user selectable) send charact er 02: (user selectable) 3-8 cobox - f l u s er guid e
config ure disconnect mode: with d t r d r o p , i g n o r e d t r c t o n a p b l e t e t m o d e : e n a b l e , d l e inactivity ti meout: enable, disable inactivity timer: (u s e r port passwor d: (user sele ctable. port password m u st be enabled) de dir ons . you can use the tech s i nk dir e ntronix tech supp ort web page, the ftp-site button w e b p a g r d o w n l oading ne w firm ware, m a n u als, and othe r files. the c i l l l i n k u to t h e contact information page. 3 t t i n g s c t t i n g s butto n to sen d all changed settings to the device. h e c k f o r c t r l - d o r t p a s s w o r d : e n a d i s c o n n e c t : e , d i s a b l e b l e , d i s a b l e e l n i s a b s e lectable) 3 . 3 . 4 t e c h n i c a l s u p p o r t s e v e r a l b u t t o ns provi u p p o r t butt on to l e c t l i n k s t o t echnical support functi c t l y to the l a i l l l i n k you t o t h e w e f o o n t a c t u s b u t t o n w y o . 3 . 5 u p d a t e s e l i c k t h e u p d a t e s e cobox-f l user guid e 3-9
config ure 3.4 configur ing via the setup mode w i ndow 3.4.1 using a telnet connection to config ure the unit over t h e network, establish a telnet connectio n to p o rt 9 9 9 9 . note: if you use the telnet to device ico n on t h e device installer device m anagement g i n t o e s t a b l i sh the connection, skip steps 1and 2. g c o m m a n d , w h e r e n f i g u r a t i o n p o r t n u m b er. s e c o n d s . the config uration s e t t ode w i ndow. ? pe the value and press ent e r , or to confirm a current value, just press ent e r . 7. when y o u are finished, save the new configurations ( option 9 ). t h e unit will reboot. window or a s e r i a l p o r t l o 1. from the windows start menu, click run and ty pe t h e f o l l o w i n x.x.x.x is the ip address an d 9999 is the unit? s f i x e d n e t w o r k c o telnet x.x.x.x 9999 note: be sure to include a spa ce between the ip addr ess and 9999. 2. click ok . 3. the lantronix universal device se rve r window display s . *** lantronix universal device server *** serial number 7218033 mac address 00:20:4a:72:46:71 software version 04.5 (011025) e s s e n t e r t o g o i n t o s e t u p r p m o d e 4. t o e n t e r t h e setup mode, you must press ent er wit h i n 5 i n g s w i l l a p p e a r . s e e figure 13 - set up m note: the foll owing line ap pears only with iap sta n d a rd tun n el protocol firmware. model: device server plus+! (firmware code: aq) 5. select an option o n the m e nu b y enterin g the num ber of the opti on in the your choice field and pressing enter . 6. to enter a value for a parameter, ty 3-10 cobox - f l u s er guid e
config ure *** basic parameters hardware: ethernet autodetect ip addr ? 0.0.0.0/dhcp/bootp/autoip, no gateway set dhcp device name : not set * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * s n m p i s s n m p c o m m u n i t y t e l n e t s e t u p i s t f p t d o w n l o a d i s port 77feh is enabled web server is enabled e n h a n c e d p a s s w o r d i s * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * c h a n n b a u d r a t e 9 6 0 0 , i / f m o d e port 10001 r e m o t e i p a d r : - - - c o s e c u r i t y * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * e n a b l e d (not iap firmware) n a m e : (not iap firmware) e n a b l e d e n a b l e d d i s a b l e d e l 1 * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * 4 c , f l o w 0 0 n o n e - - - , p o r t 0 0 0 0 0 n n e c t m o d e : c 0 d i s c o n n m o d e : 0 0 e : 0 0 n r t s e t t i n g s (not iap firmware) r i t y y o u r c h o i c e ? f l u s h m o d ****************** expert ******************* tcp keepalive : 0s (not iap firmware) c h a n g e s e t u p : 0 s e r v e r c o n f i g u r a t i o 1 channel 1 configuration 5 e x p e 6 s e c u 7 factory defaults 8 exit without save 9 s a v e a n d e x i t figure 13 - s e tup mode w i ndow cobox-f l user guid e 3-11
config ure 3.4.2 using the serial port if you want t o initiall y configure the uni t t h r o u g h a s e r i a l c o n n e c t i o n , f o l l o w t h ese steps: r p c r u n n i n g a em ulation pro g y o u r unit' s t t i n g s a , 8 b i t s , n o , 1 stop bit, no e n d b a c k o n t e r p o w e r - u p , n o s t i c l n k i ng. yo u have one s econd to m i n a l ( o r up the unit. . to - 1 0 . 3.5 server configuration (network configuration) 8. connect a console term i n a l o t e r m inal ram t o s e r i a l p o r t . t h e d e f a u l t s e r i a l p o r t s e r e 9 6 0 0 b a u d p a r i t y flow control. 9. to enter setup mode, c y cl e the unit' s p o w r ( p o w e r o f f a ) . a f the self-test b e gins and the r e d d i a g e d s t a r t s b l i enter three lowerc ase x ch aracte r s ( xxx ). note: the easiest way to enter setup m ode is to hol d down the x k e y a t t h e t e r emulation) w h ile powering 10. at this point, the screen display is the same as when you use a telnet connection continue with a serial port login, go t o using a telnet connection o n p a g e 3 t s basic network para meters. the following parameters ar e display e d when y a t i o n . . ( 0 0 0 ) . ( 0 0 0 set gateway ip address (n) r o f b i t s f o r h o s t p a r t ( 0 = d e f a u l t ) ( 0 0 ) c o n f i g p a s s w o r d ( n ) m e thods of assigning the 2 - 3 a t i o n a b o u t ip addressing. 3.5.2 set gateway t r e s s , o s c o mm unication to other lan seg ments. the gateway address should be the ip address of the router connected to the same lan seg m ent as the unit. the gateway a d d r h e s e a r e t h e u n i t ? o u s e l e c t s e r v e r c o n f i g u r i p a d d r e s s : ( 0 0 0 ) . ( 0 0 0 ) ) n e t m a s k : n u m b e c h a n g e t e l n e t 3.5.1 ip address h e i p a d d r e s s m u st be set to a unique value in y o u r n e t w o r k . s e e t i p a d d r e s s o n p a g e f o r m o r e i n f o r m ip addr ess h e g a t e w a y a d d r r o u t e r , a l l o w e s s m u s t b e w i t h i n t h e l o c a l n e twork. 3-12 cobox - f l u s er guid e
config ure 3 . 5 . 3 n e t m a s k : n u m b e r o f bits for host part h o s t h o s t b i t s t o be entered, then calculates the ne t m ask, which a l - d o t n o t a t i o n h e n e s d p m e are dis p e d (for t w o r k n e t m a s k s a net m ask de fines the number of bits taken from the i p address that are as s i g n e d f o r t h e section. note: class a: 24 bits; cla ss b: 16 bits; class c: 8 bits. the unit pr o m pts for the n u m b e r o f is display e d i n standard de c i m exam ple, 255.255. 255 .0). w t h a v e a r a t e r s lay table 4 - st a n d a r d i p n e netw ork cl ass h o s t b i t s n e t m s k a a 24 255.0.0.0 b 16 255.25 5.0.0 c 8 2 5 5 . 2 5.255. 0 5 t a b l e 5 - n e t m a s k e x a m p l e s netmask host bits 255.25 5.255. 252 2 255.25 5.255. 248 3 255.25 5.255. 240 4 255.25 5 . 2 5 5 . 224 5 255.25 5.255. 1 9 2 6 255.25 5.255. 1 2 8 7 255.25 5.255. 0 8 255.25 5.254. 0 9 255.25 5.252. 0 10 255.25 5.248. 0 11 ... ... 255.12 8.0.0 23 255.0.0.0 24 cobox-f l user guid e 3-13
config ure 3.5.4 change telnet c onfiguration pass w o rd s g i a a i o n t o p o a s s w o r d s a note: no password is required to access the setup mode window vi a a serial connection. e s e p r o d u c t s . t o cxxxxxx (xxxxxx is the last 6 digits of the e . you can creat e y o ur own d h cp nam e o n these products. if you ar e g e t h e h e dhcp name will be l t xyy wher e is e t t i n g t h e t e l n e t c o n f i u r a t i o n p a s s w o r d p r e v ents unauthorized access of the set up m e n u v t e l n e t c o n n e c t h a n c e d p a r t 9999 or via web pag es. the password is li m ited to 4 characters. u n d e r s e c u r i t y s e t t i n g s f o r t e l n e t n e n e t t i ng of 16 char acters i s avail a b l e c c e ss only . 3.5.5 dhcp naming there are 3 m e t h o d s f o r a s s i g n i n g d h c p n a m e s t o t h 1) default dhcp nam e . if you do n o t c h ange the dhcp nam e , and y ou are usin g an ip of 0.0.0.0, then the dhcp name will defau l t mac address shown on th e label on the bottom / side of the unit) . for exam ple, i f t h e m a c address is 00-20-4a-12-34- 56, then the default dhcp nam e is c123456. 2) custom dhcp nam using an ip a ddress of 0.0.0.0, then the last op tion in "server configura t i o n " w i l l b e " c h a n dhcp device name". the "change dhcp device name" option w ill allow y ou t o c h a n g e dhcp name to an alpha n u meric name. change dhcp device name (not set) ? (n) y enter new dhcp device name : ltx 3) numeric d h cp na m e . you are able to ch ange the dhcp na me by specifying the last octet of the i p address. when y o u use t h is method, t yy is what y ou chose for the last octet of the ip address. if the ip address y o u specify 0.0.0.12, then the dhcp nam e will be ltx12. this method will onl y work wit h 2 di git num bers (0-9 9). 3-14 cobox - f l u s er guid e
config ure 3 . 6 c h a n n e l 1 c o i o n ( s e r i a l p o r t p a r a m e t e r s ) n f i g u r a t u s i n g t h i s o p t i o n , d e f i n co mm unications . e b a u d r a t e ( 9 6 0 d e ( 4 c ) flow (00) n o ( 1 0 0 0 c t m o d e ( r e m o t e i p a d d r e m o t e p o r t ( d i s c o n n m o d e ( m o d e ( n n t i m e ( s e n d c h a r 1 ( s e n d c h a r 2 ( 3.6.1 baudrate the unit and a t t a c h e d s e u s e f o r t h e s e r i a l c o n n e c 19200, 38400, 57600, an second. f ( i n t e r f a c e ) t h e i n t e r f a c e ( i / f ) m o d a l notation. e t a b l e 3 5 - b i n table 6 - inte r f a c e m o d how the seria l port will respond t o networ k and serial 0 ) i / f m o p o r t c o n n e 1 ) c 0 ) r e s s : ( 0 0 0 ) . ( 0 0 0 ) . ( 0 0 0 ) . ( 0 0 0 ) 0 0 0 0 0 ) 0 0 ) f l u s h d i s c o 0 0 ) 0 0 : 0 0 ) : 0 0 ) 0 0 ) r i a l device, such as a m ode m , m u st agree o n a s p e e d o r b a u d r a t e t o e s a r e 3 0 0 , 600 , 12 00, 2 400, 480 0, 9 6 00 (default), t i o n . v a l i d b a u d r a t d 115200 bits p e r 3 . 6 . 2 i / m o d e e i s a bit-coded b y te that y o u e n t e r i n h e x a d e c i m e . note: s e a r y to hexadeci mal conversi o n t a b l e o p t i o n s i/f mode option 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 rs-2 32 c (1) 0 0 rs-4 22/48 5 (1) 0 1 rs-4 85 2 - wi r e (1) 1 1 7 bit 1 0 8 bit 1 1 n o p a r i t y 0 0 even parity 1 1 odd parity 0 1 1 stop bit 0 1 2 stop bit 1 1 (1) the cobox-fl requires y ou to choose the corr ect s e tting in the if m ode, and to also set the front-pan el switch for selection of rs-232/rs-48 5 . cobox-f l user guid e 3-15
config ure the following table dem o nstrates how to build som t a b l e 7 - c o m m o n i n t e r f a c e m o d e co mm on interface mode settings: e s e t t i n g s common i/f mode setting binary hex rs-2 32 c, 8-b i t , n o p a r i t y , 1 stop bit (1) 0100 1 100 4c rs-2 32 c, 7-b i t, even parity, 1 stop bit (1 ) 0111 1 000 78 rs-4 85 2 -wi re, 8-bit, no parity, 1 stop b i t (1) 0100 1 111 4f rs-4 22, 8-bit, odd parity, 1 stop bit (1) 0101 1 101 5d (1) the cobox-fl requires y ou to choose the correct s e tting in the if m ode. 3.6.3 flow flow control sets the local handshake method for sto p p i n g s e r i a l i n put/ou t put. table 8 - flo w control options flow contr o l option h e x no flow cont rol 0 0 x o n / x o f f f l o w c o n t r o l 0 1 ha rd war e ha nds ha ke with r t s / s s 0 2 c t l i n e xon/xoff p a ss ch aracte r s t o h s t 0 5 o 3.6.4 port number the setting represents the source port num b r in tc p connections, and is the num b er used to identif y the c h annel for rem o te initiating conn ections e f l t s t t i n r p o rt 1 is 10001. r o l w i r e e p o n u m bers: e . d a u e g f o a n g e : 0 - 6 5 5 3 5 e x c e p t f o r t h e f l o n g s e r v d r t port numb ers reserved for 1 ? 1024 re se rved (well kno w n p o rts) 9999 telnet setup 1 4 0 0 0-140 09 re se rved 3 0 7 1 8 r e se rved (7 7 f eh) 1000 0-109 99 re comm end ed po rts, sh o u ld be u s ed f o r device co mm mana ger (co m 1-com 256 ) or dire ct so cket co nne ctio ns the port n u mber functions as the tcp/udp source port num ber for outgoi ng packets. packets sent to the uni t with this port num b er are r ece ived to this channel. the port num ber selected is the inco m i ng tcp/udp port and outgoi n g tcp/udp source port. p o rt 0 is used when you want the outgoi ng source por t to change with each connection. 3-16 cobox - f l u s er guid e
config ure 3.6.5 connect mode connect mode defines how the unit m a kes a connecti on, and how it reacts to incom i ng connections o v er the network. enter con n ect mode op tions in hexadecim a l notation. note: see table 35 - binar y to hexadeci mal conversi on table. table 9 - co n n e c t m o d e o p t i o n s connect mode option 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 i n c o m i n g c o nnec t ion n e v e r acce pt incomi ng 0 0 0 a c c e p t incom i ng with dtr 0 0 1 a c c e p t un con d i t i o n a l 1 0 1 r e s pons e n o t h i n g (q uie t ) 0 c h a r a c ter re spon se (c=co nne ct, d = d i s c o nne ct , n=un re a c h a ble) 1 s t a r t u p n o a c tive startup 0 0 0 0 w i t h a n y c h aracte r 0 1 0 0 w i t h a c tive dtr (1) 0 0 1 0 with cr (0x0 d) o n ly 1 1 0 0 manu al co nn ection 0 1 0 0 autostart 0 1 0 1 da tagr am t y pe directe d udp 1 1 0 0 modem mod e full verb ose 1 0 1 1 0 without echo 0 0 1 1 0 1-cha r a c ter resp on se 1 0 1 1 1 manual con n ection: when y o u use m a nual connecti on, you are n o t required to enter the entire ip address if the ip is already configur ed as the re m o te ip ad dress in the unit. for exam ple, if the rem o te ip address alread y config ured in the unit is 129.1.2.3, the n an exam ple co mmand string woul d be c3/7. (this w ould co nnect to 12 9.1. 2.3 a nd p o rt 7.) y ou m a y also use a differen t ending f o r t h e connection string. for e x am ple, c50.1/23 wo uld c onnect y o u to 129. 1.50 .1 an d port 23. cobox-f l user guid e 3-17
config ure table 10 - manual conne ction address example command string result if remote ip is 129.1.2.3 an d r e m o t e p o r t i s 1 2 3 4 c12 1 .2.4.5/1 com p lete ov erri de; co nne cti on is starte d with ho st 121.2.4.5, port 1 c5 con n e c t to 129.1.2.5, port 1234 c28.1 0 /12 con n e c t to 129.1.28.10, p o rt 12 autostart (automatic connection): if autostart is enabled, the unit autom a ti call y connects to the rem o t e ip address an d re m o te port specified. e d f o r t h e d a t a g r a m ty pe. d p. m m u l a t i o n ) m o d e : m e o t n r t m ode m inte rface to the a l device. it accepts at-sty le m ode m co mmands, and handles the modem signals c n e m c n e e d a l a l a a e o n n e c t e d t o a re m o te m l from the local pc o t h r e o t e chine, accu m u lati ng phone c o n . o d mode l o w y o t o a ode ms with device servers, and to use an ethernet connection inst ead of h o a n g to change c t i o ns and m a ke potentiall y expensive phone calls. to select mode m m o d e , s e t t e c n e m e t 6 e h o ) (echo with f u ll verbose), o e c h o with 1-charac t e r s p s e ) note: if the unit is in mode m mode and t h e accept network tcp connections t o the serial port if c onnect mode is set t o c6 (no echo), d6 (echo with full verbose), or d7 (echo with 1-character re sponse). i e r s o t h e c h f ll of the character s en tered in command m ode; it d to echo data that is transferred. quiet mode (no ech o) refers to the m odem not e n d i n g a n a n s w e r t o t h e c o m m a n d s r e cei ved (or displa y i ng what was typed). a s t + i s s e n t . d datagram type: when selecting this option, you will be prom p t enter 01 for d i r e c t e d o r b r o a d c a s t u o d e m ( e i n o d m m d e , h e u i t p e s e n s a t t a c h e d s e r i a o r r e c t l y . o r m ally the r e is a m o d o n c t t o o c p c n d m o d m c a c h i n e . a u ser m u s t d i a c t i t e m m a h a r g e s f o r e a c h c o n n e m e m a l s u a p r e p l n e c c e m l l , without havi o mm u n i c a t i o n s a p p l i c a h r e o n o n c t . o d o c ( n o c , d6 r d7 ( serial port is idle, the unit can still n m o d e m m o d e , e c h o r e f o e s n o t m e a n t e o o a s to disconnect a connection using m ode m mode co mmands: ? there m u st be 1-second guardti m e (no data traffic) before sending +++. ?????????? ? there m u st not be a break longer that 1 second between +s. ? there m u st be another 1-second guardti m e a f t e r t h e l ? the unit acknowledges with an ok to indicate that it is in comman d m ode. ? enter ath a nd press enter . it is echoed if echo is e n a b l e d . a t h i s a c k n o w l e d g e b y anot her ok . 3-18 cobox - f l u s er guid e
config ure table 11 - m odem mode commands modem mo de command function atdtx.x.x.x,pppp o r atdtx.x.x.x/pppp make s a con nectio n to an ip addre ss (x.x.x.x) and a remote po rt numbe r (p pp p). atd t x.x.x.x make s a con nectio n to an ip addre ss ( x . x . x . x ) a n d t h e r e m o t numbe r d e f e p o rt i n ed within the unit. atd0.0.0.0 numbe r are d e fined withi n t h e force s the un it into monitor mode if a re mote ip address and p o rt u n i t . atd force s the un it into monitor mode if a re mote ip address and p o numbe r are n o t defined wit h in the unit. rt atdx.x.x. x make s a con nectio n to an ip addre ss (x.x.x.x) and the remote p o rt numbe r defin ed within the unit. ath han g s u p the conn ectio n (entered a s +++at h ). ats0= n n=0 di sables the ability to make a c o n n e c t i o n f r o m t h e n e t w o the seri al po rt. n=1-9 enables the ability to make a connection from the network to the s e rial port. n>1 - 9 is inval i d. enable s port. or di sabl es con n e c tion s from th e netwo rk g o i ng to the se rial r k t o aten enable s or di sabl es cha r a c ter e c ho a n d resp on se s. n=0 di sa ble s cha r a c ter e c h o and re sp on se s. n=1 e nabl es cha r a c ter e c h o and re sp on se s. atvn n=0 e nabl es 1-cha r a c ter resp on se. n=1 e nabl es f u ll verbo s e. enable s 1 - c h ara c ter respo n se o r full verbose. note: these at commands are only recognized as si ngle commands like ate0 or atv1; compound commands such as ate0v1 are not recognized. all othe r at commands with m odem m o d e s e t t o f u l l v e r b o s e a c k n o w l e d g e w i t h a n ok, but no a c tion is taken. cobox-f l user guid e 3-19
config ure 3 . 6 . 6 r e m o t e i p a d d r e s s the rem . t h i s param e ter defines the port p t e d. n o t e : t p o s e s , u s e t h e r d p o r t n u m b e r f o r t e l n e t s e r v i c e s ) . table 12 - disconnect mode options t h i s i s t h e d e s t i n a t i o n i p a ddress used with an outgoing connection. 3.6.7 remote port o te tcp port num ber m u st be set for the unit to m a ke outgoing co n n e c t i o n s num ber on the target host to which a connection is attem o c o n n e c t a n a s c i i t e r m i n a l t o a hos t u s i n g t h e u n i t f o r l o g i n p u r remote port number 23 (int e r n e t s t a n d a 3.6.8 disconnm ode note: see table 35 - binar y to hexadeci mal conversi on table. disconnect mode opti on 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 dis c o nne ct w i th dtr d r op (6) 1 ignore dt r 0 telnet mod e and termi nal t y p e s e t u p (1) 1 cha n n e l ( p o r t ) passwo r d (2) 1 h a rd d i sc on ne c t (3) 0 d i s a b l 1 e h a rd discon ne ct s t a t e l (4) 1 e d o f f w i t h c o n n e c tion disc o n n e c t with eot (^d) (5) 1 1. t h e cobox will send the " t erm i n a 2. a passwor d is requir e d for a c o n n e l t y pe" upon an outgoin g connectio n. c t i o n to the serial port fro m the netw ork. e t h e d i s c o n n e ction. will turn off in stead of blink. e n a b l e d f r o m a high stat e t o a low stat e, then the ne twork connection to or fro m 3. the tcp connection will close ev en if the re m o te sit e d o e s n o t a c k n o w l e d g 4. when there is a network connection to or fro m the se rial port, the state l e d 5. w h en ctr l d or hex 04 ar e detected, th e connection is dr opped. both t e lnet m ode and disconnect with e o t m u s t b e for disconnect with e o t to function pr oper l y . ctr l d will onl y be detected going fr o m the ser i al por t to the networ k. 6. w h en dtr on t h e c o b o x / u d s p r o d u c t t r a n s i t i o n s the serial port will drop. 3-20 cobox - f l u s er guid e
config ure 3 . 6 . 9 f l u s h m o d e ( b u f f e r f l u s h i n g ) i o n n a r y to hexadeci mal conversi on table. using this param e ter, y o u can control li ne handlin g and network b u f f e r s w i t h c o n n e c t startup and disconnect. you can also sel ect between two different packing algor ithm s . note: s e e t a b l e 3 5 - b i table 13 - flush mode options function 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 input bu ffer (serial to ne t w o r k) clea r with a conne ction tha t is initiated from the uds to th e netwo rk 1 clea r with a conne ction initi a t e d f r o m t netwo rk to the uds h e 1 clea r when t he network conne ction to or from the uds i s di sconn ecte d 1 outpu t bu ff e r (ne t w o r k t o serial) clea r with a conne ction tha t is initiated from the uds to th e netwo rk 1 clea r with a conne ction initi a ted from the netwo rk to the uds 1 clea r when t he network conne ction to or from the uds i s di sconn ecte d 1 alter n ate pa cking algorithm (pack co ntrol) enable 1 cobox-f l user guid e 3-21
config ure 3.6.10 pack cont rol two firmware-selectable p acking algorit hms defi ne how and when packets are se nt to the network. the standard algorithm is optimized for applications in which the uni t i s u s e d i n a local environment, allowing for very small de lay s for single charact ers while kee p ing the packet count low. the alternate packing algorith m m i nim i zes the p acket count o n the network n s i n a r o u t e d w i d e a r e a netwo r k (wan). a d justing s a r e note: see table 35 - binar y to hexadeci mal conversi on table. and is especia lly useful in a p p l i c a t i o param e ters in this m ode can ec onom ize the network d a ta stream . pack control settings are enabled in fl u s h mode. set this value to 0 0 i f s p e c i f i c f u n c t i o n not needed. table 14 - pack control options option 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 idle time force tra n smi t: 12ms 0 0 force tra n smi t: 52ms 0 1 force tra n smi t: 250ms 1 0 force tra n smi t: 5sec 1 1 trailing cha r acters n o n e 0 0 one 0 1 two 1 0 send cha r ac ters 2-byte send cha r a c ter seque nce 1 send immedi ately after send chars 1 idle time: idle tim e to "force transmit" defines how long t h e unit s hould wait before sending accum u l a ted char acters. this w a it period is between char a c ters. if there is an idle period between characters equal to the f o rce transm it set, then the unit will package up the serial data cu rrently in the buffer and send it t o the ne twork. trailing characters: in some applicatio ns, crc, checksu m , o r o t h e r t r a i l i n g c h a r a c t e r s follow the end-of-sequence charact er; this optio n helps to adapt fra m e tr ans m is sion to the fram e boundary . 3-22 cobox - f l u s er guid e
config ure send characters: if 2-by te send character sequence is enabled, the unit interpr e ts the d e n t l y . d y in the serial buffer are included in the transm i ssion after a "trans m it" condition is f oun d. if set, the u n it sends r a n s m it condition (sendchar or timeout). s e n t t h e l i n e ( f o r e x a m ple, et x, eot, etc.). setting the first sendchar to 00 disables the reco gnition of t h e characters. alternatively , s ee pack control on page 3 - 22). a l n a m e p tion s , which can be used for applica tions li ke term inal em ul ation to i b m hosts. ord e t e r p o a s s word option is enabled in disconnect i s c 20) . if set, you c a n set a password on t h e serial port. sendchars as a 2-by te sequence; if not set , the y are int e r p r e t e d i n d e p e n if send immediately after characters is not set, any characters a l r e a imm e diately a f t e r r e c o g n i z i n g t h e t note: a transmission might occur if status informatio n needs to be exchanged or an a c k n o w l e d g m e n t n e e d s t o b e s e n t . 3.6.11 disconnti me (inactivit y timeout) use this parameter to set an inactivit y ti me out. the connection is dropped if th e r e i s n o activity on the serial line before the set t i m e e xpires. enter time in the following format: mm: ss , wher e m is the num b e r of m i nutes and s is the num ber of seconds. to di sable the inactivit y timeout, enter 00 :00 . 3.6.12 send char acters you can enter up to two characte r s in hexa deci m a l r e presentation in the paramet e rs "sendchar." if a charact er received on the serial line matche s one of these chara c t e r s , i t i s imm e diately , along with any awaiting characters, to the tcp connection. this minim i z e s response ti m e for specific protocol character s o n t h e s e r i a l the two characters c a n b e i n t e r p r e t e d a s a s e q u e n c e ( 3.6.13 telnet terminal ty p e this para m e t e r appears only if the term i n al ty pe option is enabled in disconnect mode (see disconnm ode on page 3-2 0 above). if t h is optio n is enabled, y ou can use the term i n for the telnet term inal ty pe . enter onl y one name. if the ter m ina l ty pe option is enabled, the un it also reacts to the eor (end of record) and binar y o 3.6.14 channel (port) passw t h i s p a r a m mode (see d a p p e a r s o n l y i f t h e c h a n n e l ( o n n m ode on page 3- r t ) p cobox-f l user guid e 3-23
config ure 3.7 expert settings note: you can change t h ese settings via telnet or seri al connections only, not on the web- m anager. note: the expert settings option does n o t ap pear with cobox-fl- iap. t h e s e p a r a m e t e r s s h o u l d o n l y b e c h a n g e d i f y o u a r e a n e x p e r t d i s a b l e ) : ( 0 ) e i n s this option al lows you to ch ange how many seconds t h e unit will w a it during a si lent o n n h e and definitely know the consequences the changes might have. t c p k e e p a l i v e t i m e i n s ( 1 s ? 6 5 s ; 0 s = 3.7.1 tcp keep a l i v e t i m connection be fore attem p ti ng to see if the curre ntly c e c t e d n e t w o r k d e v i c e i s s t i l l o n t network. if the unit then gets no res pons e, it will drop that connection. 3.8 security settings note: you can change t h ese settings via telnet or manager. we recommend that you set security o ver th e d e d i c a t e d n e t w o r k o r o v e r t h e s e r i a seri al connections only, not on the web- l m e o n e e l s e c o u l d c a p t u r e t h e s e disable tftp firmware update (n) disable port 77feh (n) disable web server (n) enable enhanced password (n) 3.8.1 disable snmp note: this op tion d o es not appear with cobox-fl-iap. this setting allows you to disable the snmp protocol on the unit f o r security re asons. 3.8.2 snmp co mmunity name note: this op tion d o es not appear with cobox-fl-iap. this optio n al lows you to change the snmp co mmunity nam e on the unit. t h is allows for ease of mana ge m e nt, and possibly some security . if so m e one tries to violate sec urity but c o n n e ct to, that per s on will be unable to get t h e snmp setup. if you s e t parameters over the network (telnet 9 9 9 9 ) , s o settings. disable snmp (n) (not with iap) snmp community name (public): (not with iap) disable telnet setup (n) doesn?t know what co mm u n it y t o co m m unity i n form ation from the unit. 3-24 cobox - f l u s er guid e
config ure 3.8.3 disable telnet setup this setting defaults to the n (no) option. the y (yes) option disables acc ess to this configuration menu by telnet (port 9999). it only allows acc ess v i a the web pages and the serial port of the unit. 3.8.4 disable tftp firmw a re upgrade this setting defaults to the n (no) option. the y (yes) option disables the use of tftp to perform network firm ware upgrades. wi th this o p tion , firmware upgrades can be performed onl y b y usin g a *.hex file o v er the serial port of t h e un it. e x ) c o n f o r o u t rem o te configur ation, see the lantronix em bedded i n tegration 3.8.5 disable po r t 7 7 f e ( h port 77fe is a setting that allows deviceinst aller, web pages, and custom program s to f i g u r e t h e unit rem o tely . you m a y wish to disable this capability for security purposes. m o re infor m a t i o n a b kit user guid e on the lantr onix web site www.lantronix.com . t h e l e s r e m o te configuration. you can configure the unit b y usin g deviceinstaller, web p a g e s , t e l n e t , o r s e r i a l c o n f i g u r a t i o n . t h e y s ) o p t i o n disables rem o te configurati on and web p a ges. d e f a u l t s e t t i n g i s t h e n (no) option, wh i c h e n a b ( y e disables many of the gui tools for configuring the device server, b e d d e d w e b page conf i guration tool . g e u r a t i o n t o o l that is built into the unit. o rd t o s e t a c c e ss. note: the yes option includin g the e m 3.8.6 disable web server this setting defaults to the n (option). t h e y (yes) o p tion d i s a b l e s t h e u s e o f t h e w e b p a c o n f i g 3.8.7 enable en hanced passw this setting d e faults to the n (option), w h ich a l l o w s y o u t o s e t a 4 - character password that protects the configuratio n menu via telnet a nd web pages. the y (yes) option allows y o u e t a n e x t e n d e d s e c u r i t y p a s s w o r d o f 1 6 - characters f o r p r o t e c t i n g t e l n 3.9 factory defaults select 7 to reset the unit? s channel 1 and enhanced security to the factory default settings. t h e s e r v e r c o nfigurations (ip address information) remain unchanged. cobox-f l user guid e 3-25
config ure 3.10 exit configuration mode select 8 to exit the configu r a t i o n m ode without savin g an y change s or rebootin g . select 9 to r y . o n save all chan ges and reboot the device. all va l u e s a r e s t o r e d i n n o n v o l a t i l e m e m o 3 . 1 1 g e t c o n f i g u r a t i the device configuratio n i n form ation is stored in flash m e mory a n d c a n b e a configuratio n file (filename.cfg). to get the configuration inform a t i o n , c l r e a d a n d s a v e d i n e a r s . i c k t h e g e t configuratio n icon b u tto n on the device manage m e nt window. the following di a l o g a p p the device i p address is shown in the first field. this is the device sele c ted in the deviceinstaller m a in window. in the co nfiguratio n fi le field, click the open file butto n to select a filena m e f o r t h e c o n f i g u r a t i o n f i l e . c lick the get button and the file infor m ation is e a n d s a v e d i n t h e s e l e c t e d f i l e . read fro m t h e d e v i c 3-26 cobox - f l u s er guid e
config ure 3.12 set configuration d e v i c c a n b e s a v e d i n a file and later used to set the configuration t h e s e t i o n butt on o n t h e device managem e nt window. the fo llowing dialo g appears. e of one or several devices. to set the configura tion of a device from a saved file , c l i c k c o n f i g u r a t c o n f i g u r a t i o n i n for m a t i o n the device i p address is shown in the first field. this is the device sele c ted in the deviceinstaller m a in window. in the co nfiguratio n fi le field, click the open file butto n to select a configuration file. click the set button a nd t h e file information is read and stored in the device. cobox-f l user guid e 3-27

firmware 4 4 . . u u p p d d a a t t i i n n g g p p r r o o t t o o c c o o l l ( ( f f i i r r m m w w a a r r e e ) ) 4.1 protocol firmwar e you can upda te the unit' s internal operational code to a n e w e r r e v i s i o n , o r chang e the code to s d o n the soft ware cd. ocol firm ware and release notes for the unit from the operate with a specific ven dor. the cobox-f l -iap was designed to allo w load ing of vendor specific protocol fir m ware. this firmwar e takes the place of the iap sta ndard t unnel prot o c o l . v e n d o r s p e c i f i c p r o t o c o l and the software tools needed to load t h em c a n b e f o u n you can obta i n the m o st up-to-date prot lantronix we b site ( www.l a ntronix.com ) or by using anony m ous ftp ( ftp.lantro nix.com ). y o u m u st reference the user m a nual associated with onfiguration dialogs will be changed. som e t be av ailable with certain vendor prot ocols. note: if you change t h e protocol to a vendor specific protocol, you must reference the once y o u loa d a vendor sp ecific protocol, that protocol, since m a ny of the setup and c features, such as web pages, may n o associated protocol man u a l for setup an d config urati on inf o rmatio n. the menu options shown in t h is manual are for stan dard tunnel proto c ol. 4.2 reloading prot ocol firmware there are s e veral way s to update the unit' s internal operational code (*.rom): via deviceinstall er (the preferred way ) , via tftp, vi a another unit, or v i a t h e s e r i a l p o r t . y o u c a n also update the unit' s internal web interface (*.cob) via tftp or deviceinstall er. the firmwar e files are loca ted on the software c d in the firmware f o l d e r . h e r e i s a l i s t o f typical names for those files. check the lantronix web site for the latest versions a n d r e l e a s e notes. table 15 - protocol firmware folde r na me r o m f i l e cob a d f 1 m u l a s - d df 1 multi-mast er ad0 10 0.rom na t i m t e r (iap only ) a m o bridge - m d b u s am014 4.rom na (iap only ) a q t a - s n d a r d standar d t unnel aq 01 00.rom (standar d t unnel _aq 01 00 w b 6.cob) (iap only ) (or cbx w 300.cob) c o box - f 300 .cob l l t x 4 5 . ro m cb xw cobox-f l user guid e 4-1
firmware 4.2.1 via deviceinstaller after downloading the fir m ware to you r co m puter , or locating the file on y o ur s o ftware cd, you can use d e v i c e i n s t a l l e r t o i n s t a l l i t . 1. download the updated fir m ware files from www.lan t ronix.com or ftp.lantroni x.co m and . l e r w i n d o w d i s p l a y s . store them in a subfolder o n y o ur com p u t e r 2. click the start button on t h e task bar and select programs\devic einstaller\ de vice installer . t h e d e v i c e i n s t a l ler figure 14 - d e v i c e instal 4-2 cobox - f l u s er guid e
firmware 3. click the search the net w ork for devices icon . the search network window display s . f i g i n d o w 4 . all active units on the local network displ a y s . 5 . 6 . r o u p , including t h e unit you are updating. u r e 1 5 - s e a r c h n e t w o r k w c l i c k the start search b u t t o n . a l i s t o f c l i c k the save button. a confirm a tion message display s . c l i c k o k . 7. click the back butto n to re turn to t h e device installer window. the device installer window now lists all of the devices in the g u r e 1 6 - devices in a group f i g cobox-f l user guid e 4-3
firmware 8. select the desired unit and click the u p g r a d e f i r m w a r e f i l e ( . r o m) icon . the upgrade firmware window display s . figure 17 - upgrade firmware 9. in the existing firmware list box, select the firmware t this selection m u st match t h e firmware file t will be display e d. 10. in the source fw file field, locate the firm ware file from you downloa ded from the lantronix web site. 11. click the update fw file button. upgrade status process y pe that is currentl y in t h e unit. ype currently installed or an error mes sage the software cd or the file me ssage s display in the lower part of the window. when the process is co m p let e , the ?file upgrade successful? m e ssage display s . 12. click ok . note: you ca n up date the unit?s w e b pa ges by clickin g the upgrad e web files (.cob) icon. thoug h it wo uld be rare to need to u pda te both t h e firmware and w e b pages at t h e same time, you can do so by clicking the upd a te the firmware files and webpages in one step icon. 4.2.2 via tftp to downl oad new firm ware from a co m p uter: 1. use a tftp client to send a binar y file to the unit ( * .r om to upgra d e the unit ' s internal operational code and *.co b to upgrad e its internal web interface). note: tftp requires the .rom (binary) version of the unit' s internal operational code. 2. make sure the put and binary opti ons at the top of t h e window are selected. 3. enter the full path of the fir m ware file in the source file field. 4-4 cobox - f l u s er guid e
firmware 4. in the destination file field, enter the current al operational code or web5 for -iap, aq = standard tunnel, am = modbus, d a r d t u n n e l ) field, enter the ip address of the unit being upgraded. r t h e f i l e t o t h e u n i t. intern the internal web interface. (for cobo x-fl ad = df1. for cobox-fl , 3 q = s t a n 5. in the remot e host 6. click the put button to tra n s f e f i g 1 u r e 8 - t f tp dialog box t h e i t a d e d a n d s t o r e d . 4 . 2 . 3 v t o d i s t r i v er the network: p o w e r r e s e t after th e fir m war e has be en loaded and stored. r f a c e u s i n g t f t p o r d evice u n p e r f o r m s a p o w e r reset after th e fir m w a re ha s b e e n l o i a a n o t h e r u n i t b u t e firm ware to another u n it o 1. enter the host unit's monitor mode (see m onitor m ode on page 7-1 ) . 2. send the firmware to the receiving unit u s ing the sf c o mmand, where x.x.x.x is the r e c e i v i n g u n i t ' s i p a d d r e s s. sf x.x.x.x the receiving unit perform s a note: you can only update your unit 's i n ter n a l w e b i n t e installer. cobox-f l user guid e 4-5
firmware 4.2.4 via the serial port t h e l l o t h e x t h e s o f t w a r e c d and on the web site. o m c o d e t o h e x f o r a p p l i c a t i o n , r 2 h . e x e that can be used to convert the rom file to hex format. the r2h.exe application is available at ftp://ftp.l antronix.com / pub. p u t h e c t o r y o n a pc t h en open a d o s window t o t d c:\ r2h e r w h i l e non functional unit. ? s serial port: a t m o e t o n and select the *.hex file to be downloaded o a ded file i r d i s r e t e g n . f i r m w a * * d e d e f o w i n g procedure i s f o r u s i n g t h e hy pert erminal software application. in som e cas es, h e f o r m a t f i l e i s a v a i l a b l e o n before y o u can load firmware through the seria l port y ou need to c o n v e r t t h e r m at. t h e r e i s a d o s r 2 . e x e a n d t h e * . r o m file into t h e s a m e d i r h a t i r e c t o r y and type: filename this will create a filename.hex file that you can load via the serial port. note: do not switch off the power supply during the update . a l o s s o f p o w reprogrammi ng will result in a corrupt pr ogram image and a a co to downl oad firm ware from m puter via the unit 1. e n t e r m o n i t o r m o d e v i 2. download the firm w a r 3. select s e n d t e x t file h e s e r i a l p o r t . ( s e e m o n i t o r t h e u n i t using the dl c o m m a d e on pag e 7-1). d . . the downl m u st be the .hex ( a s c i 4. a f t e r t h e f i n a l r e c o before progra m m i n g t h e display s whe n t h e * * * n o d e s e t 2 . 0 0>dl 0 2 0 4 9 l i n e s l o a ) version. c e i v e d , t h e u n i t c h e c k s t h e i n e w f i r m ware in t h e f l a s h r o m r e u p g r a d e i s c o m p lete. * . r i t y of the fir m w a re i m age t h e f o l l o w i n g m e s s a g e note: you can only update y o installer. u r u n i t 's i n ter n a l w e b i n t e r f a c u s i n g t f t p o r d evice 4-6 cobox - f l u s er guid e
devicecomm manage r 5 5 . . d d e e v v i i c c e e c c o o m m m m lantronix deviceco m m m a nager is a w i ndows b ased com port redirector software utility. its function is to redirect custo d f o the pc?s net w ork port. r a t h e r s e r i a l e tcp/ip protocol. t h n d r i a i s s e h e r . t h e e n p r e r o m m m a a n n a a g g e e r r m er applic ati o n d a t a d e s t i n e t h a n g o i ng out the loc a l r t using t h r a l o c a l serial (com) port to p o r t , t h e d a t a i s t r a n s m itted a c r o s s t h e e t h e r n e t n e t w o r k p o a device se r v e r a t t a c h e d t o conversely , d a t a i n t o t h e s e e v i c e c o m m m a n a g e e n e t w o r k r e c e i v e s t h e d a t a a p r e s e n t s i t o n i t s s e rial port. n t b a c k o v e r t h e n e t w o r k t o t s e n t s t h e d a t a t o t h e c u s t o m e l p o r t o f t h e devi c e s e r v e r d e v i c e c o m m m a n a g e r t h d a p p l i c a t i o n a s i f i t w e r e f r a l o c a l s e r i a l com port. cus t om er a ppli c a t io n l oc a l se ria l (c o m ) po rt s e r i a l d a ta de vice co mm pc rem o t e s e r i a l to / f r o m de vice se rve r d a ta a t t a c hed d e vi ce n this powerful 32-bit windows utilit y all o ws an y com m erci a l l specific softw a re to co mm u n icate with networked devices a s o t h e u e y n v i s t i n g r t a k e t h n a l t i m e a n d e x p e n s e o using si m p le on-screen m e n u s , u s e r s c a n m a p u p t o 2 5 5 c o m assigned to lantronix device servers. o n ce com ports are m w i t h i a l d n e c e r a l l t h e work in be tween to keep data flowing sm oothl y . u a n e l ? elim i n a t e s t h e n e e d f o r y t h e r e ? no u n d erst a ndi ng o f h o vel o p net w or ki n g s o ft ware ? ev eryth i n g is t o t a l l y t r a h e a ? r e di rect s up t o 2 5 5 c o t c p/ ? prov i d es raw m o d e d a t h a e or m o d i fy th e d a ta being sen t ? sup p o r ts w i n d o w s 200 0, w i nd ow s n t 4 . 0 , an d w i n dow s ? easy to install and eve n ea sier to confi g ure e t h e r n e t m anage r e t w or k y ava ilable or appli cation- i f t h e y w e r e d i r e c t l y a t t a c h e d t o the pc's co m p o r t s . t w i t h a l a n t r o n i x d e v i c e s e r without havi n g t o u n d e s e r , t h i s m e a n s t h at w h e n t h e r , t h e y ca n retain their e x e a d d i t i o e t w o r k - e n a b l e a s e r i a l d e v i c e p c - b a s e d a p p l i c a t i o n s s o f t w a r e f d e v e l o p i n g new software. p o r t s directly to ip addresse s a p p e d , a n y n e t w o r k e d p c deviceco m m manager software installed device serve r s . b o t h t h e s o f t w they were stil l directly c o n utilit y d o a can acc ess d e vices on the network via a r e a p p l i c a t i on and th e s e r t e d - l a n t r o n i x d e v i c e s e r v lantronix? e v i c e o p e r a t e n o r m a l l y as if n d t h e deviceco mm manager t h e d e v i c e c o m m m a n a g e r windows service. t i l i t y consists of a c o n t r o l p a p p l et, a device driver, and a i r e x isting ap p licatio n so ft w a i s re qui red t h e us ers to de velop o r m o d i f t o d e w n sp aren t to t h e serial de vi ce, t m p o rt s si m u l t a neous l y ove r a o n l y , wh ich m ean s it will no t c p pl i cat i on s o ft w a re, a n d t h e us er i p p r ot ocol n g x p cobox-f l user guid e 5-1
devicecomm manage r 5 . 1 i n s t a l l i n g d e v i c e m a n a g e r c o m m the devicecomm manager software is included o n th e p r o d u from the lantronix web sit e . o m i n t o drive. the c d w . n b u t t o n o n t h e t a s k b a r and select r u n y o ur cd drive letter, colon, bac k s l a s h , d e v i c e c d:\deviceco mm.exe). c t c d o r i t c a n b e d o w n l o a d e d 5 . 1 . 1 i n s t a l l d e v i c e c 1. i n s e r t t h e p r o d u c t c d m m a n a g e r y o u r c d - r o m w i l l a u t o m a t i c a l l y start and d i s p l a y t h e m a i n w i n d o i f t h e c d d o e s n o t l a u a ) c l i c k t h e s t a r t b) enter c h a u tom a tically : . o mm . e xe ( e .g., figure 19 ? uds/cobox main windo w 2. click the devicecomm manager butt o n. the install a tion wizard window displ a y s . respond to t h e installation wizard pro m pts. note: devicecomm m anager is insta lled in the co nt rol panel. 5-2 cobox - f l u s er guid e
devicecomm manage r 5.1.2 setup e v i c e c o m m manager? icon 1. open control panel. 2. d o u b l e c l i c k o n t h e ? d . status mean in g disabled unus ed port on y our s y stem n/a port bein g use d b y other h a rd w a re / soft w a re on your s y ste m i d l an ip address and p o rt numb e r have b e e n a ssociate d w i th the com port e c o t h e devic e server n n e c t ed an active t c p/ip connectio n exis ts bet w e en t h e c o m p o r t a n d 3. s e l e e edit but ton. c t o n e o f t h e disabl ed ports by c l i c k i n g o n it, and then p r e s s t h 4. select the en abled check box. 5. type in the ip address of the target device server in t h e ?host:? se ction. cobox-f l user guid e 5-3
devicecomm manage r 6. enter the port num b e r o f t h e t a r g e t d e v i c e s e r v e r i n t h e ? p o r t : ? s e c t ion. click ok when * ***plea s e becaus e this is a raw m ode redirector: s a n d y o u c e t s n d s c s p r o d u note: you wil l b e r e r e b o o t y o u r s a n t to set them all up at r e b o 7. click the settings butto n f o r a d v a n c e d n o t l l w h e n h e ethernet network m a y c a u s e . i n c r e a s i n e out? and the ? w rite k t i m e o l u e s m a y h e l p t h on a ber of factors. you can get a roug g p c o m m a n d ? t r a c o u r w t a ils on e s e c o mma n d r a done. n o t e : * * * * a . o n u d c o b o x pr o d u c t s , a nnot use por ts 1400 0 thro ugh 140 09. c t s d o b. on mss, , l r s , a q u i r e d t o u s e t h e 3 0 0 1 , 3 0 0 2 , 3003, etc. por ts. y s t em when enabli ng c o m p o r t s . y o u m a y w one ti m e a n d t h e n o t . c o n f i g u r a t i o n. som e serial a p p l i c a t i o n s d o w o r k w e r e d i r e c t e d b e c a u s e t y are not expecting th e latency (dela y ) that an g t h e ? r e a d n e t w o r k t i m n e t w o r u t ? v a e situa tion. network latency varies depending h idea of the delay a t num d a g i ven time by ?pi n ging? the a t the ?ti m e? colum n . you may a l s o f i n d t h e e v i c e s e r v e r f r o m t h e p c a n d l o okin e r t ? h e l p f u l . s e e y c i n d o w s o s d o c u m e n t a t i o n f o r m o r e d e t h s . b o t h ? p i n g ? a n d ? t c e r t ? a r e dos prom pt co mmands. 8. click ok to close the settings dialog b sh to be n o tifi e d via screen pop-u p when the connectio n to the r you do n o t wish to have a screen pop- up, leave this box unchecked. n exam ple, all data sent to com4 will be sent across the network t the device server at ?172.20.1 97.5 0 ?, p o rt ?100 01?. o x. 9. select the "enable connection status? checkbox at th e bottom of the deviceco mm manager screen if you wi rem o te port is established. if your applicati on is ver y t i m e sensitive regarding the initial c o n n e c t i o n , o 10. click ok to com p let e the setup. o o t h e r s e t u p o i s r e q u i r e d . in the above 5-4 cobox - f l u s er guid e
trou ble s ho oting 6 6 . . t t r r o o u u b b l l e e s s h h o o o o t t i i n n g g 6 . 1 t e c h n i c a l s u p p o r t this chapter discusses ho w y o u can dia gnose and fi x errors quickl y without having to contact a dealer or lantronix . it helps to co nnect a term inal to the serial port while diagnosing a n error to view summary l c a ble) are s ecu re. i g h t b e c a u s e d b y duplicate ip addresse s on the network. 6 t p p i f y o u a r e e x p e r i e n c i n g a n e r r o r t h a t i s n o t d e s c r i b the error, y o u may : o n l i n e d g e b a s e a t w w messages that may be displ a y e d. w h en t r oubl eshooti n g, alway s ensure that the p h y sical connections (power cable, network cab l e , a n d s e r i a note: s o m e u n e x p l a i n e d e r r o r s m make sur s e that your unit' ip address is unique. . 1 . 1 e c h n i c a l s u o r t e d in this chapter, or if you are unable to fi x ? c h e c k o u r k n o w l e w . l a n t r o n i x . co m / support c o m ? t e-m a il: support@lantroni x . e-m a i l u s a ? call us at: (800) 4 22-7 0 (949) 4 53-7 1 4 4 d 9 8 i n (949) 4 50-7 2 2 6 f our phone li o p e n f : 3 0 p m e d i n w a r a q up-to-date docum entati on are available at: w w w . l a n s u p p o o m e stic t e r n a t i o nal a x r o m 6 : 0 0 a m - 5 n e s a r e g h o l iday s. p a c i f i c t i m e mo nda y thr oug h friday x c l u f i r m e d o w n l o a d s , f t r o n i x . c o m / s , a n d t h e m o s t r t technical su pport europe, middle east, and africa +49 (0) 7 3016 20/ 57 e u _ t e c h s . c o 7 2 0 u p p @ l a n t r o n i x m cobox-f l user guid e 6-1
trou ble s ho oting w h e n y o u r e p o r t a p r o b l e m , ple ase pro v i d e t h e f o l l o w i n g i n f o r m a tion: ? your name, and y a d ? lantronix m o d e l n ? l a n t r o n i x s e r i a l n r ? s o f t w a r e v e r s i o n h o 9999) ? description o f the problem ? debug report ( s t a b l e ? status of the u n i t u e d ( p l e a s e try to include inform ation on u s e r a n d n e t w o r k the tim e o f t when troubleshooting the f m a t t h e c o b o x - f l i s powered up and the link ( l ) l e d i s l i t l i n connection is bad. confirm s i n g a g . e 1 6 o b l e m s a n d o u r c o m p any na m e , u m ber u m b e d r e s s , a n d p h o n e n u m ber w n w h e n y o u telnet to por t ( o n the fir s t s c r e e n s c k d u m p ) , i f a p p l i c a w h e n t h e problem occ a c t i v i t y a t r r h e p r o b l e m ) o llowing problem s , s o l i d g r e e n . i f t h e that y ou are u a k e s u r e t h k l e d is not lit, t h en the phy s ic al network o o d n e t w o r k c o n n e c t i o n t a b l - p r e r r o r m e ssa ges pro b l e m / m e s s ag e reaso n soluti on w hen y o u r p e n t r y add i t ion fail ed: 5" message display s . ed-i n user does n o t have the correct righ ts to use this com m and o n this pc. have som eon e from your it dep artment log y ou i n w i th sufficient rights. i s s u e the ar p ? s your curre ntl y l o g g c a o m m a n d i n w i ndo w s , ?t he w hen you atte mpted to assig n an ip address t o the uds/cobo x vi a the arp method, the ?p ress enter to go into setup mode? error (describ ed b e l o w ) disp la ye d. no w w h en yo u t e lnet to the uds/cobo x , th e conn ection fails. w hen you t e ln et into port 1 o n the uds/cob o x , you ar e onl y assign in g a temporar y ip addr ess. w hen y ou t e lnet int o port 999 9 an d do not press e n ter quickl y, the u d s /cobo x w i l l rebo ot, causin g it to lose the ip addr ess. t e lnet back into port 1. w a it for it to fail, then t e lnet to port 999 9 agai n. make su re y o u press e n ter quickly . w hen you t e ln et to port 9999, the message ?press enter to go into setup mode? display s . ho w e v e r, nothi ng ha ppe ns w h en yo u pres s enter, or y o u r conn ection is c l osed. you di d not pre ss enter quickl y eno ugh. yo u o n l y hav e 5 seconds to press enter before the conn ectio n is closed. t e lnet to port 9999 a gai n, but press enter as soon as yo u se e the message ?press enter to go into setup mode.? w hen you t e ln et to port 1 to assig n an ip a ddress to the uds/cob o x , the t e lnet w i nd o w does n o t respo nd for a lon g time. you ma y hav e entere d the ethernet ad dre ss incorrectl y w i t h the arp comm and. confirm that th e ethernet a d d r ess that y o u enter e d w i t h the arp command is c o rrect. t he ethernet addr ess ma y o n l y incl ud e numb e rs 0-9 a nd letters a-f . in w i ndo w s a nd usual l y in u n i x , the segme n ts of the ethernet a d d r ess are sep a rated b y d a sh es. in some forms of unix, t he ethern e t addr ess is seg m ented w i t h colons. 6-2 cobox - f l u s er guid e
trou ble s ho oting pro b l em/mess ag e reaso n soluti on t he ip address y ou a r e t r ying to confirm that yo ur pc has an i p e assign is not o n y o ur lo gica l subn et. addr ess and th a t i t i s i n t h e s a m logic a l su bnet that you are tr yi n g to assign to the uds/cobox . t he uds/cobox ma y not be make sure that the link led i s l i t . plug ge d into th e net w o rk if the link led is not lit, then the prop erl y . uds/cobo x is not prop erl y plug ge d into th e net w o rk. w hen you tr y t o assig n an ip w i t h device installer, y ou get the follo w i n g m e s s a g e : t he cause is most likel y o ne o f the follo w i ng: t he hard w a re addr ess you doub le-c heck the par ameters t h a t yo u spec ified. t i p: you canno t assign an ip address to a ? n o r e s p verif y t h addr e s s pleas e tr o n se f r om device ! specifie d is inc o rrect. t he ip address y ou are tr ying to uds/cobo x th roug h a router. e i p , h a r d w a re a n d n e t w o r k class. assign is not a valid ip for you r logic a l su bnet. y ag ai n.? you di d not ch oose the corr e c t subn et mask. n o l e d s s . a r e lit . t he unit or its po w e r s upp l y i s dama ged. chan ge p o w e r suppl i e t h e u d s o w e r up pro perl y , an d the leds are various / c o b o x w i ll n o t p flashin g . consu l t the le ds section i n the introductio n ch apter or the qu ick start for the led flashin g sequ ence p a tterns. call l antr oni x t e chnical sup port if the blink i ng pattern in dicat e s a critical err o r. t h e s u d / c o b o x i s n o t m u c a t i n g w i th the serial s a t t a ched to. t he most likel y reason is the w r o ng s e rial s e ttings w e re t he serial settings for the seri a l device and th e uds/cobo x m u st c o m n i d e v i c e i t i chose n . match. t he default seri al setti ngs 960 0 bau d , 8 charact e r bits, no parit y , 1 stop bit, no flow for the uds/co b ox are rs2 3 2 , control. w h e o u mode o n / c o b o x vi a somethi ng cov e red i n the probl em ab ove . confirm that o ck is n o t on. n y t r y t o enter the set up t h e u d s t he issue w i ll most likel y be doub le-c heck ever y t hi ng in th e the seria l port, yo u get no response. previo us pro b l e m, or possib l y yo u hav e caps lock on. caps l you can p i ng t he uds/c obo x , but not t e lnet to the t here ma y be an ip address conflict on yo ur net w o rk t u r n t h e i s s u e t h e uds/cobo x on port 9999. f o l l o w i ng comm an d the dos prom pt of y our you are n o t t e lnetin g to port 999 9. c o m put er : a r p - d x. x. x. x (x . x .x . x is the ip of the t he t e lnet configurati on port p i ng x. (999 9) is disa bl ed w i thi n the uds/cobox securit y settings. u d s / c o b o x off and then s at uds/cobo x ) x. x. x ( x . x . x . x is t he i p of the uds/co b ox). if y o u get a res pons e, then th ere is a dup licate i p address o n the net w o rk (the l e ds on the uds/cobo x s h ould fl ash a cobox-f l user guid e 6-3
trou ble s ho oting pro b l em/mess ag e reaso n soluti on sequ ence th at tells you this). if yo u do n o t h e s e r i a l t get a respo n se, us e p o r t t o v e r i f y that t e lnet is not disa ble d . w i t d e v i c e i n s t a l l e r y o u get ? w rong pa ss w o rd? error you hav e chos e n t h e i n c o rrec t setting for the ex is t i n g t r y upgr adi ng t he firm w a re a h firm g a in, t h e w h e n yo u tr y to upgra de the w a re. firm w a re field. but make sure to use the corr ect setting in the fi eld of ex is ting firm w a re field. w h e m a n u d s u d s / c o b ox. router that you are usi ng on th e r t uds/cobox . n c o n necti ng to the w eb- a ger w i th in the / c o b o x , the message ?no your comp uter is not able to conn ect to port 3071 8 (77f eh ) o n t h e make sure that port 3071 8 (77f eh) is not blocke d w i th a n y connection with cobox ? net w o rk. also make sure that p o display s . 77f eh is not di sable d w i th in the securit y settings of the 6-4 cobox - f l u s er guid e
monitor mo de 7 7 . . m m o o n n i i t t o o r r m m o o d d e e 7.1 monitor mode m o i n t e rf ace used for diagnostic pur poses (see ta ble 17 - via the serial t h e s e t u p m ode w i ndow on page 3- 10. t o r m o d e w i t h network conn ections. m o d e without net w ork connections. r i a l n u m b e r 1 4 0 0 2 8 0 m a c a d d r e s s 0 0 : 2 0 : 4 a : 1 4 : 0 1 : 1 8 s i o n 4 . 3 ( x x x x x x ) s are available in monit o r m ode. man y co mmands have an ip address as an optional p a r a m e t e r ( x x x . x x x . x x ) . if the ip addr ess is given, the command i a t c x e c u t e d l o c a l l y . note: all commands must be given in capital letters. n i t o r m o d e i s a c o m m a n d - l i n e m onitor m ode commands ). there are tw o way s to enter m onitor mode: locall y port or rem o tely via the ne twork. 7.1.1 entering monitor mode via the serial port to enter monitor mode loc a lly : 1. follow the same principles used in settin g the serial configuration parameters (see configurin g v i a 2. instead of ty ping three ?x? key s , however, ty p e z z z ( o r x x l ) t o e n t e r m o n i type yyy (or yyy) t o e n t e r m o n i t o r 3. a 0> prom pt indicates that you have successfully entered monitor mode. 7.1.2 entering monitor mode via the netw ork port to enter mon itor mode usi ng a telnet connection: 4. first establis h a telnet ses sion to the conf iguration p o rt (999 9). t h e following message appears: s e s o f t w a r e v e r press enter to go into setup mode 5. t y p ) . e m ( u p p e r c a s e a 0> prom pt indicates that you have successfully entered monitor mode. 7.1.3 monitor mode com m ands the followin g c o m m a n d x . x x x s a p p l i e d t o a n o t h e r d e v i c e s e r v e r w i t h t h ip address. if no ip address is given, the o m m a n d i s e cobox-f l user guid e 7-1
monitor mo de table 17 - m o nitor mode commands command command name function dl do w n l o ad do wnlo ad fir m wa re to the dev i c e serv e r v i a the se rial po rt in hex format sf x.x.x.x send firm wa re send firm ware to device s e rver with ip add re ss x.x. x.x vs x.x.x.x versi on que r y softwa r e he ade r re c o r d ( 1 6 b y t e s ) o f device serve r with ip address x.x.x.x gc x.x.x.x get config uration get config ura t i o n o f d e v i c e server with i p add re ss x.x.x.x as hex record s (1 20 bytes) sc x.x.x.x s e n d c o n f i g u r ation set configu r a t ion of device server with i p addre s s x.x. x.x fr om hex r e cor d s pi x.x.x.x ping ping devi ce server w i t h i p a d d r e s s x.x.x.x to che c k device status at e show the de vice serve r ?s arp table en tries a r p t a b l t t t c p co nne ct i o n table c o nn ec tio n s shows all in coming a nd ou tgoing t c p nc network con nectio n shows the de vic e se r v e r ?s ip c o n f ig ur atio n rs res e t res e ts the devic e server?s power si xxx. xxx .xx x .x x x : send/set ip addre s s rem o tely assign an ip add re ss to a device ser v er , where xxx. xxx .xx x . xxx is the ip addr e s s , and yyyy.yyy.yyyy.yyy is th e two-part identification numb e r at the bottom of the label, co nverted to yyy. yyy .yy y .y yy deci m al, and written twi c e. qu quit exit diagnosti cs m ode g0, g1, .... ,ge, get config ura t ion g e t s a m e gf from memo ry page from the devi c e. m o ry page of co nfiguration inf o rmatio n s0, s1,.. .,se, sf set c onfiguration to memo ry page sets a memo ry page of co nfiguration inf o rmatio n on the device . responses to so m e of the c o mmands ar e given in intel hex format ( see the intel h e x f o r m on page 8- 5). a t note: entering any of the commands listed above will generate one of the foll owing command response codes: table 18 -co mmand resp onse codes response meaning 0> ok; no error 1> no answer from remote devic e 2> can not re ach remote devi c e or no answe r 8> wrong p a ra m e ter(s) 9> invalid comm and 7-2 cobox - f l u s er guid e
udp 8 8 . . n n e e t t w w o o r r k k c c o o n n f f i i g g u u r r a a t t i i o o n n u u s s i i n n g g u u d d p p 8 . 1 u d p d a t a g r a m s the device s e rver can also be configure d or q u eried o v er the network using udp datagram s. t u d p listener se t fo r port 30718 (77fe hex). responses from the d e r v r t o f the udp packet. the first three bytes of the udp data block shoul d be set to zero. the fourth b y t e selects the function as described in the following ta ble: table 19 - u h e d e v i c e s e r v e r h a s a e v i c e s e r are returned to th e s o u r c e p o d p c o n f i g u r a t i o n by te c o m m a n d parameters notes 03 n o 2 bytes, software type the s e 2 byte s are used to preve n t accide ntal re set of the de vice serve r . r sta nda rd cobox firmwa re: 33 51 ] , 3 q ) d e re set ( v a l u e f o [ h e x f 6 q u f i r e 7 block bel ow. e r y for m ware non e the device s e rver re spo n d s w i t h t h e f v r s i on f 7 f i r f y t e s of the firmwa re ima ge, and 4 bytes d e vice informatio n a nd se rial num be r. the first 16 b y tes of the firmwa re ima g e contai n the software type (offset 4,5) an d che c ksum (of f set 14,15 ). the last two by tes of the device informatio n contain the serial numb e r. m ware f i r s t 1 6 b i n o r m a t i o n f8 que r y for setup re co rd non e the device s e rver re spo n d s with the f 9 block bel ow. f9 config uration rea dba ck 120 byte setu p re cord (see s e tup re co rd s on p age e- 7) n/a fa set config uration 120 byte setu p re cord (see s e tup re co rd s on p age e- 7) the ip addre ss (byte 0-3 ) will not be overri dde n using fa. see fd for this function ality. fb config uration cha nge ac kn ow le dg e non e this bl ock is sent ba ck to the ho st req u e s ting a config uration cha nge (fb). after sendi ng out this block, the device server resets and uses the new config uration sent with the fa comma nd . fc set ip addres s firs t 8 bytes mus t be s e t to the s t ring this bl ock ca n be se nt as a bro a d c a s t, becau se the se rial num be r is uniqu e. it cobox-f l user guid e 8-1
udp by te command p a r a m e t e r s notes ip-setup (hex 49 50 2d 5 3 45 54 55 provid es o ne m e t h o d t o of the device s e r v e r i f i s 50). next 2 bytes have to be s e t to 00. e x t 2 b y t e s m u s t e s e r i a l s e t t h e i p a d d r e ss o n the local netwo rk and t he se rial n u m ber i s kn own. rem e mbe r , b r oa dcast s are only ?heard? on the sub net on which they are ge nerated. no reply is sent by the device server, whi c h p a d d r e s s a f t e r t h e block is re cei v ed. 5 5 0 0 0 00 2a 12 8 1 ss of the node wit h se rial num b e r o 1 2 9 . 0 . 1 . 2 re starts u s in g t h e n e w i n contai n t h numb e r. example (all i n hex): next 4 bytes have 49 50 2 d 63 4 5 5 4 5 00 01 02 to be the new ip i p a d d r e add re ss. 4 2 - 1 8 s e t t f d s e t config a n d i p uration a d d r e ss cha nge s ip address as well (byte s 0-3). same as fa, but n/a 8-2 cobox - f l u s er guid e
udp 8 . 2 c o n f i g u r i n g m u l t i p l e d e v i c e s when configuring a num b er of device servers id entically , it is useful to create a tem p late setup record. the setup record can then be s e n t t o t h e ?target? d e vice servers fro m a p a s t e ? o r u d p ( s ee network configura tion using udp on page 8- device servers use a 120-b t e t u e c t e e r t . t h i s f o r m at facilitates the transfer of binary data using ascii characters. se setup records on page 8- 7 and the intel h e 8 - 5 f r inform t i o n b o s e t p records and converting the m to intel hex for :20000010ac10c81d0000100000000000ac10010b4c0200001127000000000000c000 0 1 1 2 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 0 1 0 4 c 0 2 0 0 1 7 0 0 0 0 c 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 9 0 6 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7 8 e t u p r e c o r d : igured device server via monitor mode a s i e s t m e t h o d ) . r o p e r l y e vice server via another device p r e c o r r l y c u r e d d e v i c e s e r v er via 1. configure a ?mast er? d e vice server wit h the desired para m e t e rs. 2. enter monito r mode on t h e m a ster device server (see m onitor m ode on page 7- 1). 3. at the prom p t , enter gc followed by a carriage return. the device server will respond with its setup record in int e l hex form at . 4. copy the setup record into a te xt file and save it for future use. ? m a s ter? dev i ce server via ? c u t a n d 1). y s e p r o rd in in l h x f o m a e e x f o r m a t o n p a g m at. o a a u t u 0 0 0 : 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 b 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 : 2 0 0 0 0 2 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 : 1 8 0 :00000001ff 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 figure 20 - sample setup record in intel hex format 8.2.1 acquiring a valid setup record there are a n u m b er of way s t o a c q u i r e a v a l i d s ? copy the setup record of a properly conf ( e ? request the setup record o f a p c o n f i g u r e d d server on the network. ? build the setup record in software. ? from a host p c , r e q u e s t t h e s e t u d o f a p r o p e o n f i g udp. to copy the setup record of a properly c onfigured de v i c e s e r v e r : cobox-f l user guid e 8-3
udp t o r e q u e s t t h e s e t u p r e c o r d of a properly conf ig ured device server via another device server ort enabled) o n the uni t that is not pr operl y ode on pag e 7-1) 7 t h e c o llowed b y a carriage return, where x.x.x.x is the ip e s s o f t h e p r o p e r l y configured devic e . the prope rly configured device will respond n d i n g i t u p r e c o r d t o t h e u n i t y o u ar e currently on. this configuration will be a y e d i n l h e x f o r m a t . 8 y that hex string, and then issue th e command s c . now paste the copied string. the unit will not reboot on its own. you m u st reboot t h e unit before the settings take effect. to build the s e tup record in software: 1 a 1 2 0 2. th e intel hex f o rmat on pag e 8-5). d i n t o a te xt file and save it for future use. t a g r a m t o the device server (see network configuration e v i c e s e r v e r r esponds with the f9 datagram , wh ich e s i t s s e t u p r e c o r d . 3 u s l y s a v e d s e t u p r e c o r d f r o m o s t p c v i a u d p . 8 s o a num ber of way s to send a setup record to a device server: ? send a previously saved setup record via monitor mode (easi est met hod). ? send the setup record of a properl y conf igured device server to another device server on the network. ? send a previously saved setup record from a host pc via udp. on the networ k: 5. make sure that both u n its are plugged o n to the netwo r k properl y. 6. enter monito r mode (with network supp configured. (see m o n i t o r m . i s s u e a d d r mmand gc x.x.x.x fo by s e t s s e d i s p l i n t e . c o p . c r e a convert it to t e - b y te setup record. an intel hex record (see 3. copy t h e s e t u p r e c o r to request the setup recor d of a properly configured device serve r via udp: 1. configure a d e v i c e s e r v e r with the desired para m e t e rs and place it on the network. 2. from a host p c , s e n d t h e f 8 d a using udp o n page 8-1). t h e d i n c l u d . s e n d a p r e v i o a h . 2 . 2 s e n d i n g a s e t u p r e c o r d there are al 8-4 cobox - f l u s er guid e
udp t o s e n d a s e t u p r e c o r d v i a monitor mode: a n o t h e r device serv er (the ?target ? ) on the network. o r k s u p p o r t e n a b l e d ) o n t h e m a ster device serve r (see t h e i p a d d r e s s h e e t , d a r r i a r e t . t o t h e t a r g e t d e v i ce server. hypertermin a l , c o t h e tup record and select ?paste to host? to h e d e v i c e server reboots with the new configurati on. to send a previously e rver via ud p, from a hos t pc, send ) datagra m t o the ?target? device serv er (see netwo rk configurat ion usin g ) . d s w i t h t h e fb datagram. refer to the table. i n t e l h ex format i t b i n a r y data can be sent and received as as cii text. the trans m i o n , a n d e v e r y record has its own checksu m . a c o l o n ( : ) a n d c o n s i s of a blo c k length (2-c a c t h e x a 1 i t e x ) , a n d a b l ock type (2-character hex). it is built by adding all binary a n d t a k i n g t h e co m p le ment, so addi ng all by te values (including length, address, and ty i eld zero. f f e 0 1 , length 00, address 00 00, checksum ff. 0 8 0 5 f one by te (val ue 80 hex) for address 0020 (32 decim a l). o r c o m m unication with th e node, the fo llowing bl ock t y pes are defined: 1. configure a ?mast er? d e vice server wit h the desired para m e t e rs an d place it on the network. 2. p l a c e 3. enter monitor mode (with n e t w m onitor m ode on page 7-1 ) 4. at the prom p t , e n t e r s c , o f t t a r g a n c a g e u r n 5. s e n d t h e s e t u p r e c o r d n o t e : f o r e x a m p l e , u s i n g p y s e send it to the d e v i c e s e r v e r . t saved setup record to a device s the fa (or f d u d p o n p a g e 8 - 1 n o t e : t h e d e v i c e s e r v e r r e s p o n 8 . 2 . 3 t h e w i t h t h i s f o r m a t , 8 - b s s i is blocked in r e c o r d s t h e r e c o r d b e g i n s w i t h t s h a r e r ) , 6 - b a d d r e s s ( 4 - c h a r a c t e r h 8 - b i t v a l u e s pe) should y exam ple: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 e n d r e c o r d , t y p 0 1 0 0 2 0 0 d a t a r e c o r d c o n s i s t i n g o f f table 20 - block types option hex data blo c k program me mo ry (firmware) 00 end re co rd 01 data blo c k co nfiguration m e mory 10 cobox-f l user guid e 8-5
udp to get and set the node co n f i g u r a t i o n , 1 20 b y tes shou ld be exchang e d at once in 32-b y te a k e r t h t in t e l i . s c e e c h c k s m is a two- digit h r e s e v l u e from t o 5 5 . t b y summ i n h v a l e d t a o t h e line and ta king t h e two?s c t h e s u m . n n g l o n r t c h s e r t a a b t ored at 0030, 0031, and 0032) . 2 . 5 c a l c u l a t i n g t h e t w o?s complement d t o t h e num ber to reach a hexadecimal value of 10 0 ( 256 i n decimal) . in the exam ple above, e2 + 1e = 10 0. you can also calculate the two?s com p lement by su btr acting the sum fro m 100. using the exam ple above again, 100 - e2 = 1e. it ma y help to u se a scientific calculator. records. the ip address in the record (bytes 0 to 3) wil l be ignored (unless the udp fd co mmand is being used). 8 . 2 . 4 c a l c u l a t i n g t h e c h e c k s u m s m e n t i o n e d in table 20 - b l o c t y p s above, the last two characters of an intel hex setup e c o r d r e p r e s ent a checksum o f l u e , i t c a n r e p e d a a h n e i n t h e u e x a d e c i m a l v a n t a a 0 2 h e c h e c k s u m i s cal culate d o m p le m e n t o f g t e u e of t h a n o t e : d o n o t i n c l u d e t h e l e a d i c o o h e e c k u m byte in the sum. x a m ple: 0 3 0 0 3 0 0 0 0 2 3 3 7 a 1 e e c o r d l e n g t h : 0 3 ( 3 b y t e s o f d a ) d d r e s s : 0 0 3 0 ( t h e 3 by t e s w i l l e c o r d t y pe: 00 (n orm a l d a a ) e s r t data: 02, 33, 7a checksu m : 1e 03 + 00 + 30 + 00+ 02 + 3 3 + 7a = e2 the two? s com p l e ment of e2 is 1e. see calculating t h e two?s complement below. 8 the two? s com p l e ment of a num ber is t h e value that m u s t b e a d d e 8-6 cobox - f l u s er guid e
udp 8.3 setup records a setup record consists of 120 by tes. they are transmitted at once from and to the node. unused b y tes should be ini tialized as 00. table 21 - se tup record construction defines the structure of a setup record: table 21 - s e t u p r e c o r d c o n s t r u c t i o n by te(s) f u n c t i o n 00-03 ip addre ss of t h e u n i t ( x . x . x . x ) 04 re se rved (0 ) 05 flag byte bit 7: reserv ed (0 ) bit 6: set 1 fo r a u i , 0 f o r 1 0 b a s e - t b i t s 5 - 0 : r e served (0) ( c o b o i c o o n l y ) x - m r 06 num ber of ho s t b i t s f o r s u b netting; if 0, matchi ng sta nda rd netma sk for cl ass a, b, c is us ed. 07 re se r v e d (0 ) 08-11 telnet config uratio n pa ss wo r d ( 0 i f n o u s e ) t d 12-15 gateway ip address (0,0,0, 0 if not used ) 16-63 48-byte cha n nel 1 pa ramet e r s ; p a r a m er setup cha n e ( s a l e e 4 : et n l 1 e e t b - cha nnel pa ra meters) 64-111 48-byte cha n nel 2 pa ramet e rs; para m et er setup cha n n e ( s table e-4: l 2 e e cha nnel pa ra meters)) 112 -11 9 re se rved (0 ) cobox-f l user guid e 8-7
udp 8 . 3 . 1 c h a n n e l p a r a m e t e r s use the following table to select s e tup record para m e ters for channels 1: table 22 - channel para meters b y te(s) (ch a nnel 1 ) function 16 interface mod e (see table 23 - interface m ode option s ) 1 7 l i n e spe ed bits 7-5: re served bits 4-0: baud rate (s ee table 25 - baud rate settings ) 18 f l o w c o n t r o l (see table 2 6 - flow contr o l options ) 19 re se r v e d 20-21 own t c p po rt low-byte, hi gh-byte (intel) 22-23 rem o te tcp port lo w byte, high-byte (intel) 24-27 rem o te ip addre s s (lo w /hi g h l o w / h i gh ) 28 c o nn ec t mo de ( s e e table 27 - con n e c t m ode option s ) 29 disco p t i o n s ) nne ct m ode (se e tab l e 28 - disconnect m o d e o 30 disco s e d ) nne ct w/ inactivity time-o ut, minutes (0 0 i f u n u 31 disco s (0 0 if unuse d ) nne ct w/ inactivity time-o u t , s e c o n d 32-33 cha r a c ters to trigger sen d immediately (sen dcha r) 34 flush mode (see ta ble 29 - flush m ode options ) 35 pack co ntrol (see t a b l e 3 0 - pack control options ) 3 6 - 4 7 r e se r v e d (0 ) 48-63 a) te r m i n a l n a me for tel n n (15 cha r a c ters m a x), m i n a t e d . i f s e t a n d b i e i s se t, telnet e c tion wi ll be assum e w o r d f o r p a s s w o r d 4 i n d i s c o n n e c t e t ) . e t t e r m i n a l t y p e o p t i o t 6 in disco nne c t m o d 0 - t e r con n d. e d s o c k e t c o n n e c t i o n ( b i t b ) p a s s e s m o d 8-8 cobox - f l u s er guid e
udp 8.3.2 interface mode the interface (i/f) mode i s a bit-coded b y te entered in hexadecimal notation. use the following table to select interface mode settings: t a b l e 2 3 - i n t e r f a c e m o d e options i/f mode option 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 rs-2 32 c (1) 0 0 rs-4 22/48 5 (1) 0 1 rs-4 85 2 - wi r e (1) 1 1 7 bit 1 0 8 b i t 1 1 n o p a 0 0 r i t y even parity 1 1 odd parity 0 1 1 stop bit 0 1 2 s t o p b i t s 1 1 (1) the cobox-fl requires y ou to choose the correct s e tting in the if m ode. l e d e m o nstrates how to build som e co mm on interface mode settings: t h e f o l l o w i n g t a b table 24 - common interface mode settings option binary hex rs-2 32 c, 8-b i t, no parity, 1 stop bit (1) 0100 1 100 4c rs-2 32 c, 7-b i t, even parity, 1 stop bit (1) 0111 1 000 78 rs-4 85 2 -wi re, 8-bit, no parity, 1 stop b i t (1) 0100 1 111 4f rs-4 22, 8-bit, odd parity, 2 stop bits (1) 1101 1 101 dd ( 1 ) t h e c o b o x - f l r e q u i r e s y o u t o c h r r t h e i f m ode. t e : see table 35 - binar y t o h e x a d a l c o n v e . o o s e t h e c o e c t s e t t i n g i n n o e c i m e r s i o n t a b l cobox-f l user guid e 8-9
udp 8.3.3 baud rate t h e d e v i c e s e rver and attached serial de vice m u st agr ee on a speed or baud rate to use for o u s e t h e f o l l o w i n g table to select baud rate settings: s e t t i n g s t h e s e r i a l c o n n e c t i n . table 25 - b a u d r a t e speed (bps) h e x 3840 0 0 0 1920 0 0 1 9 6 0 0 0 2 4 8 0 0 0 3 2 4 0 0 0 4 1 2 0 0 0 5 6 0 0 0 6 3 0 0 0 7 1152 00 08 5760 0 09 8.3.4 flow control flow control sets the local handshaking met hod for stoppin g serial input/ outp u t. generally , flow control is not required if the connection is u s e d t o p a s s a b l o c k e d p r o t o c o l with block 19200 or less. use the following table to s : sizes le ss tha n 1k (ack/nak) and/or speeds of select flow control optio n table 26 - flow control options o p o n t i hex n o w f l o cont rol 00 x o / x n t r o 01 n o f f f l o w c o l ha w a k e w rd r e ha nds ha i t h rts/cts line s 02 x o / x a r a n o f f p a s s c h c t e rs to host 05 8-10 cobox - f l u s er guid e
udp 8.3.5 connect mode t i o n , a nd how it reacts to incom i ng connections over the network. use t h e f o l l o w i n g t a b l connect mode defines how the device s e rver m a ke s a c o n n e c e t o select connect mode options: table 27 - co nnect mode options connect mode option 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 incoming co nnec t ion neve r acce pt incomi ng 0 0 0 accept incom i ng with dtr 0 1 0 accept un con d itional 1 1 0 res pons e n o t h i n g (q u i 0 e t ) c h a r t e r r a c e , d=disco n n , n c h a ) 1 s ( c p o n s e = n n c o = u n re a b l e startup no a e s t a r 0 0 0 0 c t i v t u p with any ch a r 0 0 0 1 a c t e r with ac t i v e d 0 0 1 0 t r (1) with cr (0x0 0 0 1 1 d) o n l y m a n co nn e 0 1 0 0 u a l c t i o n a u t o r t 0 1 0 1 s t a da t y a g r am t pe d i r e u d p 1 1 0 0 c t e d modem mod e full b o s e 1 0 1 1 0 v e r without echo 0 0 1 1 0 1-cha r a c ter resp on se 1 0 1 1 1 a l c o n v e r s i on table. note: see table 35 - binar y to hexadeci m cobox-f l user guid e 8-11
udp 8.3.6 disconnect mode i n e c t m o d r o p o n n i s red. use the following t disconnect mode options: table 28 - d i s c o n o p n d i s c o n a b l e t o s e l e c t d e , d t r e i t h e r d r ops the c e c t i o n o r i g n o n e c t m o d e t i o n s d i s c o n n e c t m o d e o p t i o n 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 dis c o nne ct w i t h ) d t r d r op ( 6 1 i g n o r e dt r 0 t e l n e t m o d e a n d t u p (1) 1 t e r m i nal t y p e s e cha n n e l ( p o r t ) p 1 a s s w o r d (2) h a rd d i sc on ne c t (3) 0 d i s a b l e h a r d d i s c o n ne c t 1 s t a t e l e d o f f w i 1 t h c o n n e c tion (4) disc o n n e c t w i t h e o t ( ^ d ) (5) 1 1. w i l l s e n d y p e 2. i s requir e n t o m the netw 3 n n e c t i o n t h e s n o t a c k n o w d g e t h e d i s c o i o n . 4 network connection to o r l p o r t , t h e state e d w i l l t u r n stead of blink. 5. o r h e x e b o t h lnet m ode and disconnect with e o t m u st be enabled n e c t w i t h pr o w i l l o n l y be detected going fr o s e r i al por t to the networ k. 6 o n t h e c o c t t s fro m a h i g h s t a t e t o l o w s t a t e , t h n e t w o r k c o n n e c t i on to or from the w i ll dro p . n a b l e 3 t o h l c o n v e r s t h e c o b o x a passwor d t h e " t erm i na l t d for a c o n n e c t i o " u p o n a n o u t g o i n o t h e s e r i a l p o r t f r g connectio n . ork. . t h e t c p c o w i l l c l o s e e v e n i f e r e m o te sit e d o l e n n e c t . w h e n t h e r e is a f r o m the se r i a l o f f i n w h en ctr l d 0 4 a r e detected, th c o n n e c t i o n i s d r opped. t e for d i s c o n e o t t o f u n c t i o n p e r l y . ctr l d m t h e . w h e n d t r b o x / u d s p r o d u r a n s i t i o n a e n t h e s e r i a l p o r t o t e : s e e t 5 - b i n a r y e x a d e c i m a i on table. 8-12 cobox - f l u s er guid e
udp 8 s h m o f f e r using this param e ne handlin g and network b u ffers with connection s o n a n c t b e tween two different packing algor ithm s . use the following table to select flush mode options: table 29 - f l u s h n s . 3 . 7 f l u d e ( b u ter, y o u can control li c f l u s h i n g ) t a r t u p a n d d i s c n e c t . y o u a l s o s e l e m o d e o p t i o f u n c t i o n 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 i n p u t b u f f e r ( s e o r i a l t o n e t w r k) clear w i t h a co n n e n i t i t h e n e t w o r 1 c t i on that is i a t e d from the u d s t o k clear w i t h a co n n e f r n e t w o rk d s c t i on in itiat e d o m t h e t o t h e u 1 clear w h en th e net e c tion to or from the d i s c o n n e c 1 w o rk con n u d s i s t e d o u t p u t bu ff e r ( o s e n e t w o r k t r i a l ) clear w i t h a co n n e s i n i t i t h e n e t w o r 1 c t i o n t h a t i a t e d from the u d s t o k clear w t o t h e u i t h a co n n e w o rk 1 c t i on in itiat ed from the net d s clear w h e n t h e net t i o c o n n e c 1 w o rk con n e c n t o o r f r o m t h e u d s i s d i s t e d alter n a t e p a c k i m t r o l ) n g a l g o r i t h ( p a c k c o n e n a b l e 1 n a b l e 3 h l e . 8 k c o alternate pac k ing algorithm s e t t l e d in fl d e . t h e f o l l o w i n g t a b l e t o s c o n t r : t p a c k c t i o n o t e : s e e t 5 - b i n a r y t o e x a d e c i mal conversi o n t a b . 3 . 8 p a c n t rol i n g s a r e e n a b u s h m o u s e e l e c t p a c k o l o p t i o n s a b l e 3 0 - o n t r o l o p s option 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 i d l e t i m e f o rce t r a n s m i t : 1 2 0 m s 0 f o rce t r a n s m i t : 5 2 0 m s 1 f o rce t r a n s m i t : 2 5 1 0 m s 0 f o rce t r a n s m i t : 5 s 1 e c 1 t r ailing char ac t e r s none 0 0 one 0 1 t w o 1 0 send c haracte r s sendc hars def i n e uenc 1 2-b y t e se q e send immed i at el y c h a r after se n d s 1 cobox-f l user guid e 8-13
udp 8 . 4 i p a d d r e s s e s each tcp/ip node on a network host has a unique ip a ddress. this address provides the i d e a r d p t h e local ne n d s s m u ltiple networks if n o r exam ple, a d d r e ss to use tcp/ip network i i n t h f i n f o r m ation: the network, the subnet, and t h e host. 8.4.1 netw ork p o r the network p o r t i o n o f a d d r e s s i s d e t e r d b y t h e n e t w o r k t y pe: class a, b, or c. table 31 - network portion of ip addr n f o r m a t i o n n e e d t o f o r w a c k e t s o n t w o r k a a c r o e c e s s ary . ip addresses are specifi ed as x.x.x.x , wh ere each x is a num ber fro m 1 t o 2 5 4 ; f 192.0.1.99. t h e device server m u st be assigned a u n i q u e i p functionalit y . p a d d r e s s e s c o n t a r e e p i e c e s o t i o n t h e i p m i n e ess netw ork cl a s s n r k p o r t i o n o f a e s s e t w o d d r cla ss a f , 3 r d , a n d b y t e s a r e t h e h o s t ) i r s t b y t e ( 2 n d 4 t h cla ss b f d 4 t tes are the h o st) i r s t 2 b y t e s (3rd a n h b y clas s c firs t 3 bytes (4th byte is the hos t ) in m o st netw ork exam ple s , the host portion of the address is s e t to zero. table 32 - available ip addresse s class reserved available a 0.0.0.0 127.0.0.0 1.0.0.0 to 126 .0.0.0 b 128.0.0.0 191.25 5.0.0 128.1.0.0 to 1 91.254.0.0 c 192.0.0.0 223.25 5.255. 0 192.0.1.0 to 2 23.255.2 54.0 d, e 224.0.0.0 to 2 55.255.2 55.2 5 4 255.25 5.255. 255 none (check this ) consider the ip address 36.1.3.4. this a ddress is a cl ass a addre s s ; therefore, the network portion of the address is 36.0.0.0 and the host portion is 1.3.4. 8.4.2 subnet portion the subnet portion of the i p address rep r esents which sub-network the address is from . sub- networks are formed when an ip network is broken d o wn into sm aller networks using a subnet mask . 8-14 cobox - f l u s er guid e
udp a router is required between all networks a nd all sub - networks. generally , h o sts can send n e t w o r k. all packets destined for other . t o r t d d r i q u e g i f 8.4.4 netw r k a ddress a host address with all host bits set to 0 a d d r e n e t w k a s a w h o l a m p l e , routing entries). 192.168.0.0 8 4 . 5 b r o a a host address with all host bits set to 1 is the broadcast address, m e a n i n r e v e r y station.? 192.168.0.255 n a n d r o a d c a s t a d d r e s t n o t b e a h o s a d d r e s s ; f o r e , 192.168.0.0 i s t h e e n t i r n e twork, and 192.168. 0.255 i d enti fies the broadcast address. ip subnet ma an ip subnet i v i d e s i p d i f f e r e n t h e s n d a r d s d e f i n e classes a, b, and c. an a sk defines the num b s t o from h e i p a d d r e s s h e network or h t s e c t i o n s . t h e d s e r v e r p o r t h e r o f h to be entered and then calculates the netmask, which is disp s t a n i m a l - t i o n ( f o exam p l e , 2 5 5 5 .0) w h en saved param e t i s p l a table 33 - st i p n e twork netmasks packets directly onl y to hos ts on their ow n s u b - subnets are sent to a ro uter on the local n e t w o r k 8.4.3 host portion h e h o s t p i o n o f t h e i p a e s s i s a u n n u m b er a s s i n e d t o i d e n t y the host. o s s e s t h e o r e ( f o r e x i n . d c a s t address g f o r ? f o e t w o r k b s e s m u s u s e d a s t e x a m p l d e n t i f i e e sk m a s k d a d d r e s s t l y t h a n t a e d b y t h ip subnet m e r o f b i t b e t a k e n t a s t o s e v i c e r o m p t s f e n u m b o s t b i t s lay e d i n d a r d d e c d o t n o t a r . 2 5 5 . 2 5 e r s a r e d y e d. a n d a r d netw ork cl ass n e t w o r k b i t s h o s t b i t s n e t m a s k a 8 24 . 0 . 0 . 2 5 5 0 b 16 . 2 5 5.0.0 16 2 5 5 c 24 8 . 2 5 5 2 5 5 . 2 5 5 . 0 cobox-f l user guid e 8-15
udp t a b l e 3 4 - n e t m a s k e x a m p l e s netmask host bits 2 5 . 2 5 5.255. 5 2 5 2 2 255.25 5.255. 2 4 8 3 255.25 5.255. 2 4 0 4 255.25 5.255. 2 2 4 5 2 2 5 5 . 5 5 . 2 5 5 . 1 9 2 6 2 2 5 5 . 8 7 5 5 . 2 5 5 . 1 2 2 2 5 5 . 8 5 5 . 2 5 5 . 0 2 2 5 4 . 9 5 5 . 2 5 5 . 0 2 5 2 . 0 5 5 . 2 5 5 . 2 0 1 2 4 8 . 1 5 5 . 2 5 5 . 2 0 1 ... ... 2 . 0 3 5 5 . 1 2 8 . 0 2 255.0.0.0 24 8.4.6 private ip netw o r k t h e i n if your network is not and w i l l o n n e c t i n t e m a y i p a d d . if your network is connected or will be c o n n e c e internet, or if y ou intend to operate the device server on an int r anet, you should u f t h e d s u b e t w o y u r n e t w o r k s t r a t o r w i q u e i o n s a b o d r e s 8.4.7 netw r k r f cs f i n f o m ation about ip addresses, refe o l l o w u m e n c h c a n b located on th e web using o n e o f w i n g r i e s o : r f c i n t e r n s t a n a r d s u b r o c e r f c assigned num b ers r f c internet nu r f c a d d r e a t i o n f o n e s a n d t e r n e t n o t b e c e d t o t h e r n e t , y o u u s e a n y r e s s t e d to t h se one o u t i p a r e s e r v e s a s s i g n - n r ks. consult o a d m i n i t h s t d ment. o o r m o r e r r t o t h e f i n g d o c t s , w h i e e world wid t h e f o l l o d i r e c t o r i n d i c e s ? 9 5 0 e t d n e t t i n g p d u r e ? 1 7 0 0 ? 1 1 1 7 1 5 9 7 mbers s s a l l o c ? r p r i v a t e t w o r k s 8-16 cobox - f l u s er guid e
binary to hex 9 9 . . b b i i n n a a r r y y t t o o h h e e x x c c o o n n v v e e r r s s i i o o n n many of the device server? s c o n f i g u r a t i o n pr ocedures require you to assem b le a series of o a s b i t s o m m a n d e d b y te). the resulting b e c o n v e h r n t e d a s 0 - 9 , a ( f o r 1 0 ) , b o c o n v e r t b i n a r y v a l u e (for exam ple, 0010 001 1) r u p p e r a l o w e r f o u r b i t s a r e treat ed separately , resulting in a two-digit h ber (in this case, 4c). use the following table to m b i n a r y h e x a d e c i m table 35 - binary to hexadecimal conversion table p t i o n s ( r e p r e s e n t e d n a r y value m u s t b ) i n t o a c o m p lete c t e d t o a h e x a d e c i mal repr ( r e p r e s e n t s e n t a t i o n . a s a i e x a d e c i m a l d i g i t s h a v e v e r a lues ranging f r om 0 to f , w h i c h a r e r e p e s e ( f o r 1 1 ) , e t c . t a to a hexadecimal e p r e s e n t a t i o n , t h e n d e x a d e c i m a l n u m convert values fro t o a l . decimal b i n a r y hex 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 2 0 0 1 0 2 3 0 0 1 1 3 4 0 1 0 0 4 5 0 1 0 1 5 6 0 1 1 0 6 7 0 1 1 1 7 8 1 0 0 0 8 9 1 0 0 1 9 1 0 1 0 1 0 a 1 1 1 0 1 1 b 1 2 1 1 0 0 c 1 3 1 1 0 1 d 1 4 1 1 1 0 e 15 1111 f 9 e c t m o d e . 1 c o n n o p t i o n s note: c h a r a c t e r r e c = c o n n , = d i s c o n n , n r e a c h a b l e e s p o n s e c o d e s a r d n = u cobox-f l user guid e 9-1
binary to hex t a b l e 3 6 - co n n e c t m o d e o p t i o n s a cce pt inco min g con n ecti ons serial respo n s e upo n con n ecti o n a c t i v e c o n n ect i on startup h o s t l i st h e x never none (quiet r t u p n / a ) n o a c t i v e s t a never none (quiet ) an y character 1 never none (quiet 2 ) active dtr never none (quiet 3 ) cr (0 x0d ) never none (quiet ) m a n u a l c o n n e c t i o n 4 never none (quiet ) autostart 5 never none (quiet c ) udp never character no active startup 10 never character an y character 11 n e v e r c h a r a c t e r 12 active dtr never character 13 cr (0 x0d ) never c h a r a c t e r t i o n 14 m a n u a l c o n n e c never c h a r a c t e r 15 autostart never character udp 1c with dtr none (quiet p 40 ) n o a c t i v e s t a r t u with dtr none (quiet 41 ) an y character with dtr none (quiet ) active dtr 42 with dtr none (quiet ) cr (0 x0d ) 43 with dtr none (quiet 44 ) manual connection with dtr none (quiet ) autostart 45 with dtr none (quiet ) udp 4c w i t h d t r character 50 n o a c t i v e s t a r t u p with dtr character 51 an y character wi th dtr charac ter 52 ac ti v e dtr wi th dtr charac ter 53 cr (0 x0d ) with dtr character manual connection 54 with dtr character 55 autostart wi th dtr charac ter n / a udp u n c o n d i t i o n a l l y none (quiet ) no active startup c0 unconditionally none (quiet ) an y character c1 u n c o n d i t i o n a l l y none (quiet ) active dtr c2 unconditionally none (quiet ) cr (0 x0d ) c3 u n c o n d i t i o n a l l y none (quiet ) manual connection c4 u n c o n d i t i o n a l l y none (quiet c5 ) autostart u n c o n d i t i o n a l l y none (quiet cc ) udp unconditionally character u p d0 no a c t i v e s t a r t unconditionally character d1 an y character unconditionally character active dtr d2 unconditionally character d3 cr (0 x0d ) unconditionally character m a n u a l c o n n e c t i o n d4 9-2 cobox - f l u s er guid e
binary to hex a cce pt i n c o min g con n ecti ons s e r i a l respo n se upo n con n ecti o n a c t i v e c o n n e c t i on startup h o s t l i st h e x u n c o n d i t i o n a l l y character d5 autostart unconditionally character d c udp never none (quiet p hostlist n/a ) n o a c t i v e s t a r t u never none (quiet ) an y c h a r a c t e r hostlist 21 never none (quiet hostlist 22 ) active dtr never none (quiet ) cr (0 x0d ) hostlist 23 never none (quiet ) manual c o n n e c t i o n hostlist n/a n e v e r none (quiet h 25 ) autostart o s t l i s t n e v e r none (quiet h ) udp o s t l i s t never character u p h n / a n o a c t i v e s t a r t o s t l i s t never character hostlist 31 an y characte r nev e r charac t e r h 32 ac ti v e dtr o s t l i s t nev e r charac ter hos t l i s t 33 cr (0 x0d ) never character manual c o n n e c t i o n h n / a o s t l i s t never c h a r a c t e r hostlist 35 autostart nev e r charac t e r h n / a udp o s t l i s t with dtr none (quiet p h n / a ) n o a c t i v e s t a r t u o s t l i s t with dtr none (quiet h 61 ) an y character o s t l i s t with dtr none (quiet ) active dtr h 62 o s t l i s t with dtr none (quiet hostlist 63 ) cr (0 x0d ) with dtr none (quiet c t i o n h n / a ) m a n u a l c o n n e o s t l i s t with dtr none (quiet ) autostart hostlist 65 with dtr none (quiet ) udp hostlist n/a w i t h d t r character v e s t a r t u p hostlist n / a n o a c t i with dtr character a r a c t e r hostlist 71 an y c h wi th dtr charac ter hos t l i s t 72 ac ti v e dtr wi th dtr charac ter ) hos t l i s t 73 cr (0 x0d with dtr character manual connection hostlist n/a with dtr character r t hostlist 75 a u t o s t a wi th dtr charac ter hos t l i s t n / a udp u n c o n d i t i o n a l l y none (quiet ) no active startup hostlist n/a unconditionally none (quiet ) an y c h a r a c t e r hostlist e1 u n c o n d i t i o n a l l y none (quiet hostlist e2 ) active dtr unconditionally none (quiet ) cr (0 x0d ) hostlist e3 u n c o n d i t i o n a l l y none (quiet ) manual connection hostlist n/a u n c o n d i t i o n a l l y none (quiet r t h e5 ) a u t o s t a o s t l i s t unconditionally none (quiet h n / a ) udp o s t l i s t unconditionally character no a c t i v e s t a r t u p h n / a o s t l i s t unconditionally character a r a c t e r h f1 an y c h o s t l i s t unconditionally character ac tive dtr hostlist f2 u n c o n d i t i o n a l l y character ) h f3 cr (0 x0d o s t l i s t unconditionally character m anual connection hostlist n/a cobox-f l user guid e 9-3
binary to hex a cce pt i n c o min g con n ecti ons s e r i a l respo n se upo n con n ecti o n a c t i v e c o n n e c t i on startup h o s t l i st h e x u n c o n d i t i o n a l l y character r t h f5 a u t o s t a o s t l i s t unconditionally character udp h n / a o s t l i s t t n n e c t m o r e f o r w h e n y o u e m l a t i o n : c t m o d e o p t i o n s f o r modem emulation h e f o l l o w i n g c o d e o p t i o n s a u s e m o d e m u t a b l e 3 7 - c o n n e a cce pt inc o ming conne c t ions r e s p o n se hex never e c h 16 o never w i t h 6 o u t e c h o never 1 - c h 7 a r a c t e r resp o n s e with dtr e c h 56 o with dtr w i t h 46 o u t e c h o with dtr 1 - c h 47 a r a c t e r resp onse unconditionally e c h d6 o unconditionally w i t h c6 o u t e c h o u n c o n d i t i o n a l l y 1 - c h s e c7 a r a c t e r resp o n 9-4 cobox - f l u s er guid e
binary to hex 9 . 2 d i s c o n e c t m o d e o p t i o n s n t e c t m o a b l e 3 8 - d i s c o n n d e o p t i o n s disco nnec t w i th dtr drop (no t e) telne t mo de an d t e r m i n al t y p e setup chan n e l ( por t) pass w o rd hard disco n n e c t state led of f w i th con n ecti on disco nnec t w i th eot (^d ) hex enable 0 enable enable 10 enable enable 20 enable enable enable 30 enable enable 40 enable enable 50 enable e n a b l e enable enable 60 enable enable enable 70 enable enable enable 80 enable enable enable 90 enable enable enable a0 enable enable enable b0 enable enable enable enable c0 enable e n a b l e enable d0 enable enable enable enable enable e0 enable e n a b l e enable enable f0 e n a b l e enable 1 enable enable enable b l e 11 e n a enable enable enable 21 enable enable enable 31 enable enable enable enable 41 enable enable enable 51 enable e n a b l e enable enable enable 61 enable enable enable enable 71 e n a b l e enable enable enable 81 enable enable enable enable 91 enable enable enable enable a1 enable enable enable enable enable b1 enable e n a b l e enable enable c1 enable enable enable enable d1 enable enable enable enable enable enable e1 enable enable enable enable enable f1 enable disable 8 disable 18 e n a b l e disable enable 28 enable disable enable 38 cobox-f l user guid e 9-5
binary to hex disco nnec t w i th dtr drop (no t e) telne t mo de an d termi n al t y p e setup chan nel ( por t) pass w o rd hard disco n n e c t s t a t e l e d of f w i th con n e c t i on disco nnec t w i th eot (^d ) hex disable 48 e n a b l e enable disable 58 enable e n a b l e disable enable 68 e n a b l e disable enable 78 e n a b l e e n a b l e disable 88 e n a b l e disable 98 enable enable disable enable a8 enable enable disable enable b8 enable enable disable c8 enable e n a b l e disable d8 enable enable enable disable enable e8 enable enable disable enable f8 enable disable b l e 9 e n a enable disable enable 19 disable b l e enable 29 e n a disable enable enable 39 enable enable disable enable 49 e n a b l e disable b l e 59 enable e n a enable disable enable enable 69 e n a b l e disable b l e enable 79 enable e n a enable disable enable 89 enable disable enable 99 enable enable enable disable b l e enable a9 e n a enable disable enable enable b9 enable enable enable disable enable c9 enable enable enable disable enable d9 enable enable disable enable enable e9 enable enable enable disable enable enable f9 9-6 cobox - f l u s er guid e
binary to hex 9.3 flush m ode (buf f e r f l u s h i n g ) o p t i ons table 39 - flush mode options serial to n e t w o r k cle a r i n p u t b u ffe r upon: net w o r k r i t o s e a l cle a r output b u u p o n: ffe r a l te rn ate packin g a l gorithm hex none 0 a c t i v e c o n n e c t i o n 10 p a s s i v e c o n n e c t i on 20 a c t i v e c o n n e c t i o n n n e c t i on 30 p a s s i v e c o d i s c o n n e c t 40 a c t i v e c o n n e c t i o n 50 d i s c o n n e c t p a s s i v e c o d i s c o n n e c t n n e c t i on 60 a c t i v e c o n n e c t i o n n n e c t i on 70 p a s s i v e c o disconnect enable 80 a c t i v e c o n n e c t i o n enable 90 p a s s i v e c o n n e c t i on enable a0 a c t i v e c o n n e c t i o n c t i on enable b0 p a s s i v e c o n n e disconnect enable c0 a c t i v e c o n n e c t i o n enable d0 disconnect p a s s i v e c o n n e disconnect c t i on enable e0 a c t i v e c o n n e c t i o n c t i on enable f0 p a s s i v e c o n n e disconnect a c t i v e c o t i o n 1 n n e c active connectio n acti v e c o t i o n 11 n n e c passive connect i on acti v e c o t i o n 21 n n e c active connectio n a c t i v e c o c t i o n 31 n n e passive connect i on disconnect a c t i v e connectio n 41 active connectio n disconnect a c t i v e c o c t i o n 51 n n e passive connect i on disconnect a c t i v e c o c t i o n 61 n n e active connectio n passive connect i on disconnect c o c t i o n 71 a c t i v e n n e active connectio n enable 81 cobox-f l user guid e 9-7
binary to hex serial to net w o r k cle a r input b u ffe r upon: net w o r k to s e rial cle a r o u t p u t b u ffe r upo n: a l te rn ate packin g a l gorithm hex active connectio n active c o n n e c t i o n enable 91 passive connect i o n a c t i v enable a1 e connectio n active connectio n passive connect i on t i o n a b l e b1 a c t i v e c o n n e c e n disconnect active connec tio n c1 e n a b l e active connectio n disconnect active connectio n enable d1 passive connect i o n active connectio n enable e1 disconnect active connectio n passive connect i o n disconnect active connectio n enable f1 passive connect i on 2 passive connect i on 12 active connectio n passive connect i o n passive connect i on 22 active connectio n passive connect i o n passive connect i on 32 disconnect passive connect i on 42 active connectio n disconnect passive connect i on 52 passive connect i o n passive connect i on 62 disconnect active connectio n passive connect i o n passive connect i on 72 disconnect passive connect i on enable 82 active connectio n passive connect i on enable 92 passive connect i o n passive connect i on enable a2 active connectio n passive connect i o n passive connect i on enable b2 disconnect passive connect i on enable c2 active connectio n disconnect passive connect i on enable d2 passive connect i o n passive connect i on enable e2 disconnect active connectio n passive connect i on passive connect i on enable f2 disconnect active connectio n passive connect i on 3 active connectio n active connectio n passive connect i on 13 passive connect i o n active connectio n passive connect i on 23 active connectio n passive connect i o n active connectio n passive connect i on 33 9-8 cobox - f l u s er guid e
binary to hex serial to net w o r k cle a r input b u ffe r upon: net w a o r k to se r i l cle a f n: r output b u f e r u p o a l te rn a t e p a c k i n g a l gorithm hex disconnect active connectio n passive connect i on 43 active connectio n disconnect active connectio n passive connect i on 53 passive connect i o n active connectio n passive connect i on 63 disconnect active connectio n passive connect i o n disconnect active connectio n passive connect i on 73 active connectio n passive connect i on enable 83 active connectio n active connectio n passive connect i on enable 93 passive connect i on passive connect i on active connectio n enable a3 active connectio n passive connect i on active connectio n passive connect i on enable b3 disconnect active connectio n passive connect i on enable c3 active connectio n disconnect active connectio n passive connect i on enable d3 passive connect i on disconnect active connectio n passive connect i on enable e3 active connectio n passive connect i on disconnect active connectio n passive connect i on enable f3 disconnect 4 active connectio n disconnect 14 passive connect i on disconnect 24 active connectio n passive connect i on disconnect 34 disconnect disconnect 44 active connectio n disconnect disconnect 54 passive connect i on disconnect disconnect 64 active connectio n passive connect i on disconnect disconnect 74 disconnect enable 84 active connectio n disconnect enable 94 passive connect i on disconnect enable a4 active connectio n passive connect i on disconnect enable b4 disconnect disconnect enable c4 cobox-f l user guid e 9-9
binary to hex serial to net w o r k cle a r input b u ffe r upon: net w o r k to se rial cle a r output b u ffe r upo n: a l te rn ate packin g a l gorithm hex active connectio n disconnect disconnect enable d4 passive connect i on disconnect disconnect enable e4 active connectio n passive connect i on disconnect disconnect enable f4 active connectio n disconnect 5 active connectio n active connectio n disconnect 15 passive connect i on active connectio n disconnect 25 active connectio n passive connect i on active connectio n disconnect 35 disconnect active connectio n disconnect 45 active connectio n disconnect active connectio n disconnect 55 passive connect i on disconnect active connectio n disconnect 65 active connectio n passive connect i on disconnect active connectio n disconnect 75 active connectio n disconnect enable 85 active connectio n active connectio n disconnect enable 95 passive connect i on active connectio n disconnect enable a5 active connectio n passive connect i on active connectio n disconnect enable b5 disconnect active connectio n disconnect enable c5 active connectio n disconnect active connectio n disconnect enable d5 passive connect i on disconnect active connectio n disconnect enable e5 active connectio n passive connect i on disconnect active connectio n disconnect enable f5 passive connect i on disconnect 6 active connectio n passive connect i on disconnect 16 passive connect i on passive connect i on disconnect 26 9-10 cobox - f l u s er guid e
binary to hex serial to net w o r k cle a r input b u ffe r upon: net w o r k to se rial cle a r o u t p u t b u ffe r upo n: a l te rn ate packin g a l gorithm hex active connectio n passive connect i passive connect i on disconnect on 36 disconnect passive connect i on disconnect 46 a c t i v e c passive connect i on 56 o n n e c t i o n disconnect d i s c o n n e c t passive connect i on disconnect passive connect i on disconnect 66 active connectio n passive connect i on disconnect passive connect i on disconnect 76 passive connect i on e n a disconnect b l e 86 active connectio n p a s s i v e d i s c o n n c o n n e c t i on e c t enable 96 passive connect i on passive connect d i s c o i on n n e c t enable a6 active connectio n passive connect i on passive connect i on disconnect enable b6 disconnect p a s s i v e c o n n e c t i on enable c6 disconnect active connectio n passive connect i on disconnect disconnect enable d6 passive connect i on disconnect passive connect d i s c o n n i on e c t enable e6 active connectio n p a s s i v e passive connect i on disconnect disconnect c o n n e c t i on enable f6 active connectio n 7 passive connect i on disconnect active connectio n active connectio n passive connect i on disconnect 17 passive connect i on a c t i v e c p a s s i v e o n n e c t i o n c o n n e c t i on 27 disconnect active connectio n active connectio n passive connect i on passive connect i on disconnect 37 disconnect active connectio n passive connect i on disconnect 47 active connectio n disconnect active connectio n passive connect i on 57 disconnect cobox-f l user guid e 9-11
binary to hex serial to net w o r k cle a r input b u ffe r upon: net w o r k to se rial cle a r output b u ffe r upo n: a l te rn ate packin g a l gorithm hex passive connect i on disconnect active connectio n p a s 67 s i v e c o n n e c t i on disconnect active connectio n passive connect i on disconnect active connectio p a s s i v e c o n n disconnect n e c t i on 77 active connectio n passive connect i on enable 87 disconnect active connectio n active connectio n passive connect i on enable 97 disconnect passive connect i on active connectio n passive connect i on enable a7 disconnect active connectio n passive connect i on active connectio n passive connect i on disconnect enable b7 disconnect active connectio n passive connect i on enable c7 disconnect active connectio n disconnect active connectio n passive connect i on c enable d7 d i s o n n e c t p a s s i v e c o n n e c passive connect i on d i s c o n n e c a b l e e7 t i on active connectio d i s c o n n e c t n e n t a c t i v e c o n n e c t i o n passive connect i on disconnect active connectio n passive connect i on disconnect f7 enable 9-12 cobox - f l u s er guid e
binary to hex 9.4 interface mode options table 40 - interface mode options in terface bits parit y stop bits hex rs-232c 7 no 1 48 rs-232c 7 no 2 c8 rs-232c 7 even 1 78 rs-232c 7 even 2 f8 rs-232c 7 odd 1 58 rs-232c 7 odd 2 d8 rs-232c 8 no 1 4c rs-232c 8 no 2 cc rs-232c 8 even 1 7c rs-232c 8 even 2 fc rs-232c 8 o d d 1 5c rs-232c 8 o d d 2 dc rs-422/48 5 7 no 1 49 rs-422/48 5 7 no 2 c9 rs-422/48 5 7 even 1 79 rs-422/48 5 7 even 2 f9 rs-422/48 5 7 odd 1 59 rs-422/48 5 7 odd 2 d9 rs-422/48 5 8 no 1 4d rs-422/48 5 8 no 2 cd rs-422/48 5 8 even 1 7d rs-422/48 5 8 even 2 fd rs-422/48 5 8 odd 1 5d rs-422/48 5 8 odd 2 dd rs-422/48 5 2-wi re 7 no 1 4b rs-422/48 5 2-wi re 7 no 2 cb rs-422/48 5 2-wi re 7 even 1 7b rs-422/48 5 2-wi re 7 even 2 fb rs-422/48 5 2-wi re 7 odd 1 5b rs-422/48 5 2-wi re 7 odd 2 db rs-422/48 5 2-wi re 8 no 1 4f rs-422/48 5 2-wi re 8 no 2 cf rs-422/48 5 2-wi re 8 even 1 7f rs-422/48 5 2-wi re 8 even 2 ff rs-422/48 5 2-wi re 8 odd 1 5f rs-422/48 5 2-wi re 8 odd 2 df cobox-f l user guid e 9-13
binary to hex 9.5 pack control options table 41 - pack control options se ndc ha ra c t er de fine d by a : trailing chara c ter s idle t i me forc e t r an smit: se nd immed i atel y after se ndc ha ra c t er hex 1-b y te se quence no 12ms 0 1-b y te se quence no 52ms 1 1-b y te se quence no 250ms 2 1-b y te se quence no 5sec 3 1-b y te se quence 1 12ms 4 1-b y te se quence 1 52ms 5 1-b y te se quence 1 250ms 6 1-b y te se quence 1 5sec 7 1-b y te se quence 2 12ms 8 1-b y te se quence 2 52ms 9 1-b y te se quence 2 250ms a 1-b y te se quence 2 5sec b 2-b y te se quence no 12ms 10 2-b y te se quence no 52ms 11 2-b y te se quence no 250ms 12 2-b y te se quence no 5sec 13 2-b y te se quence 1 12ms 14 2-b y te se quence 1 52ms 15 2-b y te se quence 1 250ms 16 2-b y te se quence 1 5sec 17 2-b y te se quence 2 12ms 18 2-b y te se quence 2 52ms 19 2-b y te se quence 2 250ms 1a 2-b y te se quence 2 5sec 1b 1-b y te se quence no 12ms y e s 20 1-b y te se quence no 52ms y e s 21 1-b y te se quence no 250ms y e s 22 1-b y te se quence no 5sec y e s 23 1-b y te se quence 1 12ms y e s 24 1-b y te se quence 1 52ms y e s 25 1-b y te se quence 1 250ms y e s 26 1-b y te se quence 1 5sec y e s 27 1-b y te se quence 2 12ms y e s 28 1-b y te se quence 2 52ms y e s 29 1-b y te se quence 2 250ms y e s 2a 1-b y te se quence 2 5sec y e s 2b 2-b y te se quence no 12ms y e s 30 2-b y te se quence no 52ms y e s 31 9-14 cobox - f l u s er guid e
binary to hex se ndc ha ra c t er de fine d by a : trailing chara c ter s idle t i me forc e t r an smit: se nd immed i atel y after se ndc ha ra c t er hex 2-b y te se quence n o 250ms y e s 32 2-b y te se quence n o 5sec y e s 33 2-b y te se quence 1 12ms y e s 34 2-b y te se quence 1 52ms y e s 35 2-b y te se quence 1 250ms y e s 36 2-b y te se quence 1 5sec ye s 37 2-b y te se quence 2 12ms ye s 38 2-b y te se quence 2 52ms ye s 39 2-b y te se quence 2 250ms ye s 3a 2-b y te se quence 2 5sec ye s 3b cobox-f l user guid e 9-15

binary to hex 1 1 0 0 . . i i p p a a d d d d r r e e s s s s e e s s an ip address is a 32-bit value, divided into four octets of eight bits each. the st andard a l n u m b ers (in the range of 0..255) divided by dots. e s s i s d i v i d e d i n t w o p a r t s : n e t w o r k and host. to support different needs, three representatio n i s f o u r d e c i m 192.2.1.123 this is called decim a l-dot notation. t h e i p a d d r network class e s have been defined. depending on the ne t w o r k c l a s s , t h e l a s t o n e , t w o o r t h r e e by tes define the host, while the rem a ining p a r t d e f i n e s t h e n e t w o r k . in the followi ng explanations, x stands for the host part of the ip address: 10.1 class a network ip address 1.x.x.x to 127.x.x.x 7 d i f f e r e n t n e t w o r k s o f t h i s c l a s s ex ist. these have a very la rge num ber of potential 1 6 , 7 7 7 , 2 1 6 ) . exam ple: 10.0.0.1 , (netwo rk 10, host 0 . 0.1) 10.2 class b network o n l y 1 2 c o n n e c t e d d e v i c e s ( u p t o ip address 128.0.x.x to 191.255.xxx.xxx these networ ks are used for large co m p a n y ne tworks. every network can consist of up to 65,5 34 devic es. exam ple: 172 .1.3. 2 (netwo rk 172 .1, host 3.2) 10.3 class c network ip address 192.0.0.xxx to 223.255.255.xxx exam ple: 192.7.1. 9 (network 192.7.1, host 9) s e s 2 24.x.x.x - 239.x.x.x are defined as ?clas s d? and are used as the addresses 240.x.x.x. - 254.x.x.x are defi ned as class e and are r eserved addresses. t h e s e n e t w o r k addresses a r e m o st co mm on and are often used in s m all co m p anies. these networks can consist of a maxim u m nu mber of 25 4 ho sts. the re m a i n i n g a d d r e s m u lticast add r esses. cobox-f l user guid e 10-1
binary to hex 1 0 . 4 n e t w o r k a d d r e s s the host address with all host bits set to 0 is used to a ddress the network as a whole (in r o u t i n g e n t r i e s , f o r e x a m ple). 10.5 broadcast address the address with the host part bits set to 1 is th e broadcast addres s, m eaning for every station. r o a d c a s t a d d r e s s e s m u st n o t be used as a host address (for exa m ple, s s ) . n e t w o r k a n d b 192.168.0.0 i d entifies the entire ne twork and 192.168.0.255 i d enti f i e s t h e b r o a d c a s t a d d r e 10.6 ip netmask the netmask is used to divide the ip address differentl y f a, b, c. a net m a s k defines how many bits from the ip address ar r o m the sta ndard defined by classes e to be taken as the network y bits are to be taken as th e host section. when the num ber of host bits is l- section and h o w m a n e n t e r e d , t h e c o b o x - f l c a l c u l a t e s t h e n e t m a s k . t h e ne t m ask is display e d in standard deci m a dot n o tation. net w o r k bit s hos t bit s netm ask cla ss a 8 24 255.0.0.0 cla s s b 16 16 255.25 5.0.0 cla ss c 24 8 255.25 5.255. 0 netm ask hos t bits 255.25 5.255. 252 2 255.25 5.255. 248 3 255.25 5.255. 240 4 255.25 5.255. 2 2 4 5 255.25 5.255. 192 6 255.25 5.255. 1 2 8 7 255.25 5.255. 0 8 255.25 5.254. 0 9 255.25 5.252. 0 10 255.25 5.248. 0 11 . . . . 255.12 8.0.0 23 255.0.0.0 24 10-2 cobox - f l u s er guid e
binary to hex 1 0 . 7 p r i v a t e i p n e t w o r k s a n d t h e i n t e r n e t if your network is not co nn ected to the internet, and t h ere are no plans to make such a connection, you m a y use any ip address y ou wish. et and you have plans to connect, o r you are a n t t o op erate y our co box-fls on a n intranet, us e one of the r . if your network is not co nn ected to the intern connected to t h e i n t e r n e t a n d w subnetworks below. these networ k num bers have been reserve d for such networks. if y o u have any que stions about i p assign m e nt, consult y o ur network a d m i n i s t r a t o c l as s a 10.x.x.x cla ss b 172.16.x.x cla ss c 1 9 2 . 1 6 8.0.x 1 0 . 8 n e t w o r k r f c s for m o re infor m ation regar d ing ip addressing see the following doc uments. thes e can be l o c a t e d o n t h e w o r l d w i d e w e b u s i n g one of the directories or indices: internet standard subnetti ng procedure rfc 1597 address allo cation for pri v ate internets rfc 950 rfc 1700 assigned num b ers rfc 1117 internet nu mbers cobox-f l user guid e 10-3

glossa ry of term s 1 1 1 1 . . g g l l o o s s s s a a r r y y a d d r e s s s p a c e a linea r array of locations t h at a threa d ca n a c c e s s . sim p le process o rs have only one, a nd these are refe rre d to as `linear' addressi ng. n ativ e t o dhcp that allows h o st s to au t o m a t i cally o b t ain an ip ad dress in sm aller y not ha ve a d h c p se rve r . a r a n g e of i p a d d r esses ( f r o m 1 6 9 . 2 5 4 . 0 . 1 t o i ces. th e rang e o f au toip ad dresses is n o t to b e used over th e in tern et. t o nnect n at i on an d m a t c hi ng of t r a n sm i ssi on spee d. bandw idth on demand: o te access de vice t o initiate a second connection to a particula r site to increase r wh ich wi ll trig g e r th e seco nd ary conn ectio n . m u ltilin k ppp is an emerg i n g h i s feat u r e t o be i n t e ro pe r a bl e, but ri g h t no w t h e onl y way t o e n s u re cor r ect n bot h e n d f r om t h e sam e ven d o r . process o rs autoip au t o ip is an al t e r net w or ks t h at m a 1 6 9 . 25 4.255 .25 4 ) h a s b e en ex p licitly reserved for au t o ip-en a b l ed d e v auto-negotiate: clau se 28 of the i eee 802 .3 u sta nda rd s p ecifies a mac s ublayer fo r t h e identification of the s p e e d an d dup lex m o d e o f conn ectio n b e i n g su ppor ted b y a d e v i ce. su ppo r t o f th is f eat u r e is op tio n a l fo r i ndi vi dual ve n d o r s. auto-sense: ab ility o f a 1 0 / 1 0 0 eth e rn et dev i ce to i n terp ret th e sp eed or d u p l ex m o d e of th e attach ed dev i ce and adjust t o that rate. official term is aut o -nego tiation i n clause 28 of t h e ieee 802.3u st anda r d . aui: attachm e n t u n i t i n t e r f a c e . a 15-pin s h ielde d , t w isted pair ethernet ca ble use d (optionall y) to c o bet w ee n net w o r k de vi ces a n d a m a u . autobaud: aut o m a ti c det e rm i b a c k b o n e : the m a in cabl e in a network. feature that allows a r e m t h e am ount of dat a t r a n sfe rre d t o t h at si t e t o i n crease t h e d e si red t h res h ol d. the net w o r k m a n a g e configuri n g the rem o te access serve r will spe c ify a num b er of bits or a percentage of c o nnection b a ndwid th thresh o l d st anda rd t o al l o w t ope rat i o n i s t o u s e de vi ces o cobox-f l user guid e 11-1
glossa ry of term s b a s e b a n d l a n : g a n d a r c n et lan s use base ban d t r ansm i ssi on. o re th an on e b it. b a u d equ a ls b its p e r seco nd on ly wh en t h e si gn al rep r esen ts a sing le b it. er system e s and zeros. e s th e v a lue of eith er 1 block va riable-size piec e of m e m o ry that a task ca n ac qui re. bloc ks a r e allocated from heaps. f f e r , hea p ] bnc: rd ized con n ect o r u s ed with th inn e t an d co ax ial cab l e. bootp: a tc p/ ip net w o r k p r ot oc ol t h at l e t s net w o r k n o d es req u e s t co nfi g u r at i o n i n f o rm at i on f r om a b o o t p n o de . g d e v i ce t h at co nn ects two lans and forw ard s o r filters d a ta pack ets b e tween th em , b a sed a l a n that us es a single ca rrier freque ncy over a si n g l e c h annel . et he r n et , t oke n r i n baud: u n it o f sign al fr equ e n c y in si gn als p e r second . no t synon ym o u s w ith b its p e r second si nce sign als can represen t m binaries: b i nary , m achi n e reada b l e fo r m s of p r o g ram s t h at have bee n c o m p i l e d or assem b l e d. as op p o se d t o so urce l a n gua ge fo rm s of pr og ram s . binary : ch aracteristic o f h a v i ng on ly two st ates, s u c h as curre nt on and c u rren t off. t h e bina ry num b uses o n l y o n bit: th e sm allest u n it of d a ta pro c essin g inform a tio n . a b it (o r b i n a ry d i g it) assu m or 0 . a bloc k i s a [ r e l a t e d : b u a stan d a "serve r " bps: bits p e r second , un its of transmissio n sp eed. bridge: a n e two r k i n on their desti n ation a d dresses . bridges opera t e at th e d a ta lin k lev e l (or m a c-layer) of t h e osi refe rence m odel , an d a r e t r a n spare n t t o p r ot ocol s an d t o hi ghe r l e vel de vi ces l i k e r o ut ers . 11-2 cobox - f l u s er guid e
glossa ry of term s b r o a d b a n d : a d a ta tran sm i ssio n techn i que allo wing m u ltip le h i gh -sp e ed si g n a ls t o sh are th e b a nd wi dth of a sing le cabl e vi a f r eq u e ncy di vi si o n m u lt i p l e xi ng . t w ork: ork s m a y co ex ist on a sing le cab l e withou t in t e rfering with on e an o t h e r. a lan topo log y in wh ich all th e n o des are connected to a single ca ble. a l l no des a r e c o nsi d e r ed eq ual and recei ve all transm issions on the m e dium. l : t w o n ode s. : (c hal l e n g e ha nds ha ke a u t h e n t i cat i on p r ot o c ol ) a u t h e n t i cat i on sc hem e for ppp w h e r e t h e pass wo r d n o t on ly is requ ired to b e g i n co nn ection bu t also is re quire d du rin g t h e c o nnectio n - failu re to p r o v ide cor r ect pa ssw o r d d u ri ng ei t h e r l o gi n o r c h al l e nge m ode wi l l resul t i n di sc o nnect . coaxial cable: t r i c a l c a b le with a so lid wire con d u c t o r at its cen ter su rroun ded b y in su lating m a te rials and an collision: u lt o f t w o n e t w ork n o d e s tran sm itt in g o n th e sam e ch ann e l at t h e sam e t i m e. th e tran sm itted n d e t e c t : a si g n al i ndi ca t i ng t h at o n e or m o re st at i ons are c ont e ndi ng wi t h t h e l o cal st at i on' s t r ans m i ssi on. t h e sig n a l is sen t by th e ph ysical layer to t h e data link layer on an eth e rn et/ieee 802 .3 n o d e . b r o a d b a n d n e a n e two r k t h at u s es m u ltip le carrier frequ e ncies to tran sm it m u lt ip lex e d sig n a ls on a single cab le. sev e ral n e t w brouter: a devi ce t h at r out es speci fi c pr ot oc ol s, suc h as tc p/ i p a n d ip x, a n d bri d ges ot he r pr ot o c ol s, t h ere b y com b i n i ng t h e fu nct i o ns of b o t h r o ut ers a n d bri dges . bus: by te: a d a ta un it of eig h t b its. c h a n n e the dat a pat h bet w ee n chap a n e l e c out e r m e t a l screen c o n d u ct o r wi t h a n a x i s of cu rvat ure c o i n ci di ng wi t h t h e i nne r c o nd uct o r - he nce "coaxial." exa m ples are standard et hernet c a bl e an d thi n wi re et her n et c a bl e. th e r e s dat a i s not usa b l e . c o l l i s i o cobox-f l user guid e 11-3
glossa ry of term s c o m m u n i c a t i o n s e r v e r : cut-throug h: e f o r exam ining inc o m i ng pac k ets whe r e b y an eth e rn et switch l o ok s on ly at the first few t it also allows so me ba d packet s t o be fo rwa r ded . carrier sense multiple access with collision detection is the et hernet m e dia access m e thod. all net w or k de vi ces co nt en d e q ua l l y for acc ess t o t r a n sm i t . if a devi ce det ect s anot her de vi ce' s si g n al g , it ab orts tran sm i ssi on an d ret r i e s aft e r a bri e f pause . e n-l a y e r os i re fere nce m o del f o r com m uni cat i on bet w e e n c o m put ers o n net w or ks. p r o t o c ols for data pac k ets and how t h ey are tra n sm itted to a n d from each network r , dhcp h o st config ur atio n pro t oco l , a p r ot ocol fo r assi gni ng dy nam i c ip a d dresses to devi ces o n a net w o r k . w i t h dy nam i c addressi ng , a de vi ce ca n have a di ffe r e nt i p a d d r ess every t i m e i t co nn ects t o th e n e twork. in some syste m s, th e d e v i ce's ip ad dress can ev en ch ang e wh ile it is still o r t s a m i x of stat ic and dy nam i c ip addre sses. an ad min i s t r a to r to m a nage the tas k . t h is means that a new c o m puter can be a dde d t o a net w o r k wi t h o u t t h e hassl e o f m a nual l y assi gni ng i t a u n i q ue ip a d dre ss. m a ny is ps essi n g f o r d i al- u p users . nt a n d : a d e d i cated, st an d a l o n e system th at m a n a g e s co mm u n i cati o n s activ ities fo r o t h e r co m p uters. t e c h n i q u b y tes of a p a cket b e fo re fo rward i n g or filterin g it. th is pro c ess is faster th an look ing at t h e wh o l e p ack e t , b u c s m a / c d : wh ile it is tran smit t i n data link: a logical connection betwee n two nodes on t h e sam e circuit. data link la y e r: lay e r 2 o f t h e s e v this layer defi n e s d e v i ce. it is a med i u m -in d e pen d e n t , link-lev e l co mm u n i catio n s facility o n top of th e p h y s i c a l l a y e and i s di vi de d i n t o t w o s ubl ay ers: m e di um -access co nt r o l ( m ac ) a n d l o gi cal -l i nk c o nt r o l (llc ). sho r t f o r d y n a m i c connected. dhcp also s u p p dy nam i c addre ssi ng si m p l i f i e s net w o r k adm i ni st rat i on beca use t h e s o ft war e kee p s t r ac k o f i p a d dr e s s e s r a th er th an r e qu ir ing use dy nam i c ip ad d r dhcp clien t su ppo rt is bu ilt in to w i ndo ws 95 and nt wo rk st at i on. nt 4 s e rve r i n cl ud es bot h cl i e an d serv er su pp or t. d i a l o n d e m wh en a rou t er d e tects th e n e ed to in itiate a dial-u p conn ectio n to a rem o te n e two r k , it do es so aut o m a t i call y accor d i n g t o pre - de fi ne d param e t e rs set by t h e net w o r k m a nager . 11-4 cobox - f l u s er guid e
glossa ry of term s dialback: a sec u ri t y feat ure t h at e n su re s pe o p l e d o n o t l o g i n t o m ode m s t h at t h ey shoul dn' t ha v e a c cess t o . whe n a connecti o n is re queste d , t h e syste m checks the user n a m e fo r v a lid ity, th en "d ials b a ck " t h e n u m b e r h t h a t u s e r nam e . a sy st em i n w h i c h eac h com put e r or n ode i n t h e net w o r k per f o r m s i t s own p r o cessi n g and m a nages n e t w ork facilitates co mm u n i cati o n s between the no d e s. domain na me: a dom ai n nam e i s a t e xt nam e ap pen d e d t o a h o st nam e t o fo rm a uni q u e host nam e acro ss i n t e r n et s. ri n g r p r in ter. o d e : t : . fiber-optic cable: gl ass opt i cal fi be r ca bl e s u r r o u nde d by cl a ddi ng an d a n i v e sheat h. it t r a n sm i t s di gi t a l si gnal s i n t h e f o rm of m odul at ed l i g ht f r om a l a ser or le d (lig h t -em ittin g d i od e). r k a c c e s s to t h at data. associated w i t d i s t r i b u t e d p r o c e s s i n g : so m e o f its d a ta wh ile th e dow n load: the t r a n s f er o f a fi l e or i n f o r m at i on fr om o n e net w or k n o d e t o an ot he r. gene ral l y refe r s t o t r a n s f er a file from a "big" node, suc h as a co m p u t er, to a "sm a ll" n o d e , su ch as a term in al serv er o e n d n a node s u c h as a pc t h at can only se nd a n d receive inform a tion for its own us e . it ca nnot route a n d fo rwa r d i n fo rm at i on t o an ot he r no de. e t h e r n e the m o st p o p u l ar la n t e c h n o l o gy i n use t o day . t h e ieee st an dar d 80 2. 3 de fi nes t h e rul e s f o r co nf igu r i n g an eth e rn et networ k. i t is a 1 0 mb p s , csm a /cd b a seb a nd n e tw or k th at run s ov er th in co ax, th ick co ax , t w isted p a ir o r fib e r op tic cab le. fddi: fib e rop tic dat a distribu tion in te rface . a ca ble interface capable of tran sm i ttin g d a ta at 100 mbp s . ori g in ally sp ecified for fi b e r lin es, fddi can also op erate over twisted-pai r ca b l e f o r s h o r t d i s t a n c e s a t r a n sm i ssi on m e di u m com p ose d of a cent r al out e r pr ot ect file server: a c o m puter that stores data for net w ork use r s a n d provi des n e t w o cobox-f l user guid e 11-5
glossa ry of term s f i l t e r i n g : o u t any l o ss o f i n com i ng pac k e t s or del a y i n p r oces si n g . t o r a g e , e. g., s o m e t y p e o f rea d -o nl y or fl as h re p r o g r am m a bl e me m o r y . d e v i ce to framing: dat a f o r t r an sm i ssi on i n t o g r o u p s of bi t s , a n d adding a hea d er and a chec k se quence to form a fi l e tran sfe r p r ot ocol , a tc p/ ip pr ot oc ol fo r fi l e t r ans f er . in de pen d e n t , si m u lt aneou s t w o- way t r a n sm i s si on i n b o t h di r ect i ons, as op p o se d t o hal f - d u p l e x transm ission. gatew a y : f o r i n t e rco nnect i n g t w o o r m o re di s s im i l a r net w o r ks. it ca n t r a n sl at e al l pr ot oc ol l e vel s f r o m c t r e s s : th e i n itial p a rt of a d a ta p acket o r fram e co ntain i n g i d en tifyin g i n fo rm atio n su ch as t h e so urce o f th e d a ta, its d e stinatio n , and len g th . process where b y an ethe rnet switch or bridge rea d s the contents of a pac k et and the n finds t h at the packet does not need to be forwarde d, drops it. a filtering ra te is the rate at whic h a de vice can r e c e i v e packet s an d dr op t h em wi t h firmw a re: al t e rabl e pr o g r a m s i n sem i perm anent s forw a rding : process where b y an ethe rnet switch or bridge rea d s the contents of a pac k et and the n pas s es that packet on to the appropriate a ttached seg m e n t. a forward i n g rate is t h e ti me th at it tak e s th e execute all of the ste p s. flash rom: see rom. di vi di n g fram e . ftp: f u l l - d u p l e x : a devi c e th e ph ysical layer up t h ro ugh th e app licatio n s laye r o f t h e osi m odel , a n d ca n th erefore in terco n n e en tities th at d i ffer i n all details. hardw a r e a d d see net w o r k ad dr ess. h e a d e r : 11-6 cobox - f l u s er guid e
glossa ry of term s h e a r t b e a t : a f r e que ncy u n i t eq ual t o o n e cy cl e per sec o n d . host: e t w or k t h at ca n be u s ed i n teractiv el y, i.e., l o gg ed i n to , lik e a co m p u t er. host table: a list of tcp/ ip ho sts on th e n e two r k al o n g with th ei r ip ad dresses. r e f o r m at t e d and t r a n sm i t t e d, an d what act i o ns web ser v e r s and br owse rs resp o n se t o var i ous com m ands. f o r exam pl e, w h e n y o u e n t e r a url in you r br ow ser , n d s an http co mman d to th e w e b serv er d i rectin g it to fetch an d tran sm i t th e r e qu ested w e b pa ge . http is called a stateless prot ocol beca use e ach c o m m and i s exec ut ed i n d e pen d e n t l y , wi t h o u t any e o f th e co mman d s t h at cam e b e fore it. th is is th e m a in reaso n that it is d i fficu lt to t w e b sites th at react in tellig en tly to user i n pu t. th is sh ortco m in g o f http is bein g add r esse d i n a num ber of ne w t echn o l o gi es, i n cl u d i n g activex , java , java scri pt and cookies . ieee 802.3: i n s t itute of electrical and electronic e ngi neers ) st anda rd t h at d e fi nes t h e c s m a / c d a n d 1 0 b a s e -t et her n et i m p l e m en tatio n s . int e r n et l i n ks m a ny go ve rnm e nt , uni versi t y and resea r c h si t e s. it pr o v i d es e-m a i l , rem o t e l ogi n a n d fi l e r v i c e s . ip address: see net w o r k ad dr ess. eth e rn et defin e d sqe sign al qu ality test fun c tio n . hertz (hz): gene ral l y a n o d e on a n http sh ort fo r hy pe rtext tra n sfe r prot oc ol , t h e u nde rl y i ng prot ocol use d by t h e wo rl d w i de web . http defi nes ho w m e ssages a sho u l d t a ke i n th is actu a l l y s e k nowledg im pl em e n the ieee ( m e dia-access m e thod a n d t h e physical and data link layer specifications of a local a r ea network. am ong ot he rs, i t i n cl ud es 10 b a se 2, 1 0 b a se5 , 10b ase - f l internet: a se ri es of i n t e rco n n ect ed l o c a l , re gi o n al , na t i onal an d i n t e r n at i onal net w o r ks , l i n ked u s i n g tc p/ ip. trans f e r s e internetw o r k ing: gene ral t e rm u s ed t o descri be t h e i n d u st ry c o m posed o f pr od uct s a n d t e c h n o l o gi es use d t o l i n k net w or ks t oget h er . cobox-f l user guid e 11-7
glossa ry of term s ipx: internetwork packet exc h a nge, a net w a r e prot ocol si m i l a r t o i p ( i n t e rnet prot oc ol ). isdn: (in t e g r a t e d 14 4 k bps o serv ices dig ital networ k): all d i g ital serv ice pro v i d e d b y telep hon e co m p an ies. prov id es v e r a si n g l e p h one l i n e ( d i v i d e d i n t w o 6 4 k bps " b " cha nnel s a n d one 1 6 k bp s "d" iso la y e re d model: t i o nal st an da rds or ga ni zat i on (i so) set s st a n d a rds f o r com p u t ers an d c o m m uni cat i o ns. it s ope n sy st em s int e rc o nnect i o n (os i ) re fere n ce m odel speci fi es h o w di ssi m i l a r com put i ng devi ces suc h as net w ork int e rface ca rds (nics ) , bri d ges and rout ers e x c h ange data ove r a network. t h e m odel co nsists of seven layers. from lo west to h i g h e st, th ey a r e: physical, data link, netw or k, tra n s p ort, n tatio n and app licatio n . each layer p e rfo r m s serv ices for the layer abov e it. y an i n t e rface card placing c o rrupte d data on t h e netw or k. o r , an er ro r e r seco nd . kermit: r file tran sfer and termin al e m u l atio n p r og ram . n e t w o r k , a dat a c o m m uni cat i ons sy st em consi s t i ng of a gr o u p of i n t e rc on ne ct ed local area tra n sp o r t , a di gi t a l eq ui pm ent c o r p o r at i o n pr op ri et ary net w or k c o m m uni cat i on pr ot oc ol . d o n t h e i d ea of a rel a t i v el y sm al l , kno wn n u m b er of host s o n a l o ca l net w or k a t will n o t work o n a wid e area n e t w ork scale, as h e channel). the int e r n a session , p r e s e jabber: net w or k e r r o r cause d b co nd itio n du e to an et h e rn et no d e tran sm it tin g long er p a ck ets th an allo wed. kbps: kilo b its p a p opu l a lan: local a r e a com put ers, sha r i n g a ppl i cat i o ns, dat a a n d pe ri p h eral s. the geo g r ap hi cal a r ea i s us ual l y a b u i l d i n g or gr o u p o f bui l d i ngs . lat: the pr ot oc ol i s b a s e send ing sm all n e two r k p a ck ets at reg u l ar in t e rv a l s . l tcp/ip does. latenc y : the delay inc u rre d by a s w itching or bridging devi ce betwe e n receiving t h e fram e a n d f o r w a r d i n g t fram e . 11-8 cobox - f l u s er guid e
glossa ry of term s la y e r: in net w o r k s , l a y e rs re fer t o s o ft ware p r ot oc ol l e vel s c o m p ri si ng t h e a r chi t e ct ure, wi t h eac h l a y e r p e rf or m i n g fu nctio n s f o r t h e l a yer s abov e it. line speed: ex p r e s s e har d w a r e d i n b p s, t h e m a xim u m rat e at whi c h dat a can rel i a bl y be t r ansm i t t e d o v e r a l i n e usi n g gi ve n . local network interconnect (lni): u ltip lier, o r con cen t r ato r sup portin g m u lt ip le activ e d e v i ces o r commu n i catio n s co n t ro llers, i n k : mau : uni t , a devi ce use d t o con v e r t si g n al s fr om one et he rnet m e di um t o an ot he r. mbps: r s econ d . nt i n f o rm at i on b a se, a dat a base of net w o r k pa r a m e t e rs use d b y snm p a n d c m ip (c om m on nt i n f o rm at i on p r o t ocol ) t o m oni t o r an d c h a nge net w or k de vi ce set t i ngs. it pr o v i d es a media inde pe ndent interface , new standard devel ope d for fast ethe rnet i n ieee 802.3u specification. the fast et he r n et eq ui val e nt t o t h e a u i i n 1 0 m b ps et he rn et , al l o wi n g di f f ere n t t y pes of fast et he rnet v i a a c o mmon interface. cables to a faceplate, a s for a telephone . n a ce nter-m ounted one. a po r t m either used sta ndal one or atta ched to standard et hernet ca ble. l o g i c a l l a t e m porary c o n n ect i o n bet w een s o urce a n d dest i n at i o n n o d es, o r bet w ee n t w o p r oces se s o n t h e sam e no de. m e di um at t achm e nt m e gabi t s p e mib: m a nagem e m a nagem e l ogi cal n a m i ng o f al l i n f o rm ati on res o u r ces o n t h e net w o r k t h at are pe rt i n e n t t o t h e net w o r k' s m a nagem e nt . mii: media to be c o nnecte d to a fa st et hernet d e v i c e mj: modular jack. a jack used for c o n n e c t i n g v o i c e mmj: modifie d m o dular jac k . t h es e are t h e 6-pin connect ors use d to connect se rial term inal lines t o t e rm i n al devi c e s. m m js ca n be di st i n g u i s he d fr om t h e sim i l a r r j 1 2 jac k s by ha vi n g a si d e -l oc ki n g t a b , r a t h e r t h a cobox-f l user guid e 11-9
glossa ry of term s modem: a m odul at o r - d em odul at o r de vi ce f o r cha n gi ng t r a n sm i ssi o n si gnal s fr om di gi t a l t o a n al o g fo r t r ansm i ssi on o v er p h one l i n es . use d i n pai r s , on e is requ ired at each end of th e lin e. com m u n i cat i ons bet w een ho st s an d serve r s. a ho st. p : th e ab ility o f a d i alup d e v i ce to allo cate m o re th an on e ch an n e l of b a ndwid th t o a p a rticular co nn ection . gen e rally, th is is term ed to b e t h e ab ility o f an isdn d e v i ce t o b ond two b - chan n e ls si ngl e dat a pi p e , b u t s o m e vend o r s ca n per f o rm t h e sam e funct i o n wi t h as y c hr on o u s a t e d t o su ppo rt t h e ad d ition a l a m . at t h e ot he r e n d of t h e c o m m uni cat i o ns l i n k , an ot he r m u l t i pl exe r re ve rses t h e pr ocess by a ta stream b ack in to th e orig i n al stream s. le sig n a l s sim u ltan e o u s ly o n a sing le ch ann e l. , e i t h er standalone or c onnected t o sta nda rd ethernet ca ble, f o r i n t e rc on nect i n g up t o ei ght e t s e gm ents. w ork h o s ts ch arg e d with tran slatin g (o r reso lv i n g ) tex t -style n a mes in to e s . netware: a no vel l de vel ope d net w o r k ope r at i n g sy st em (n os) . p r o v i d es fi l e an d p r i n t e r sha r i n g a m ong put ers (pc s ) . eac h net w a r e network m u st have at least one file serve r , and d e pende n t on c onnecting to and lo gging int o t h e file se rver. t h e file server , m ode m / fax serve r s, dis k /fi l e serve r s, etc. mo p: m a i n t e nance o p erat i o ns pr ot o c ol , a dec p r o t ocol use d f o r r e m o t e multicast: a m u lticast is a m e ssag e th at is sen t o u t t o mu ltip le d e v i ces o n th e n e twork b y m u l t i l i n k p p t oget h e r i n t o a d i al-up con n e ctio n s ov er m o de m s b y h a v i ng a second co nn ectio n in i t i b a ndwid th requ irem en ts. multiplexer: a device t h at a llows se ve ral users t o s h are a single circ uit. i t fu n n els di ffe r e n t d a ta streams in t o si ngl e st r e a sp littin g th e d multiplexing: transm i ttin g m u l tip multiport repeater: a r e p e a t e r thinwire ethe r n name serv er: so ft ware th at ru n s on n e t num eric ip a d d r e s s net w or ks o f pe rso n al c o m access to othe r resources i s cont rols use r l ogi ns a n d acce ss to othe r net w ork clients, s u ch as use r pc s, print servers 11-1 0 cobox - f l u s er guid e
glossa ry of term s netbios/netbeui: m i cros oft ' s net w o r ki n g pr ot oc ol s f o r i t ' s la n m a n a ge r a n d w i n d o w s n t p r o d u ct s. netw ork: an interc onnec t ed system of c o m puters that can c o m m uni cat e wi t h eac h o t her a n d s h are fi l e s , d a r e sour ces. t a an d k a d d r e s s : every n ode o n a net w o r k has one o r m o re a d dress e s ass o cia t ed with it, incl udi ng at least one fixe d har d ware a d dr ess suc h as "ae - 3 4 - 2 c - 1 d - 6 9- f 1 " assi gne d by t h e de vi ce' s m a nu fact u r er . m o st n odes al so t oc ol s p eci fi c a d d r ess e s assi g n e d by a net w o r k m a nager . r v i ces f o r m a nagi ng a net w or k, i n cl u d i n g con f i g uri n g an d t u ni n g , m a i n tai n i n g r k per f o rm ance, a n d d i agn o si n g net w or k pr o b l e m s . a r d , a n a d apte r card t h a t is inse rte d int o a c o m puter, and contains the necessa ry b l e t h e station to c o mm unicate ove r t h e network. node: an y i n tellig en t d e v i ce conn ected to t h e n e two r k . th is in clud es term in al serv ers, ho st co mp u t ers, and inal s) t h at are directly connected to th e n e t w or k. a nod e h a r dware address . " e r a t i n g s y s t e m , th e s o ft ware for a net w ork that runs in a file s e rve r a n d controls access to l e s an d ot he r reso u r ces fr om m u l t i p l e use r s. it pr ovi des sec u ri t y an d a d m i ni st rat i v e t ool s . n o vel l ' s e t w a r e, ba nyan' s vines a n d ibm' s lan server are nos exam ples. open sy ste m interconnect (osi): see "iso." packet: a se ri es of bi t s co nt ai ni n g dat a an d c ont rol i n f o rm at i on, i n cl udi n g so urce and de st i n at i o n n ode add r esses , fo r m at t e d for t r a n sm i ssi on f r o m one n o d e t o an ot he r. netw o r have p r o netw ork management: adm i ni st rat i v e s e net w or k o p erat i on, m oni t o ri n g net w o nic: network inte r f a c e c soft ware and el ectronics to e n a any ot her de vi ces (s uc h as p r i n t e rs a n d t e r m can be t h o u g h t of as a n y de vi c e that ha s a " nos: network o p f i n cobox-f l user guid e 11-1 1
glossary of terms 11-12 cobox-fl user guide pap: (password authentication protocol) authentication scheme for ppp links. a password can be specified for both devices on a remote link. failure to authenticate will result in a dropped connection prior to start of data transmission. physical address: an address identifying a single node. physical layer: layer 1, the bottom layer of the osi model, is im plemented by the physical channel. the physical layer insulates layer 2, the data link layer, from medium-dependent physical characteristics such as baseband, broadband or fiber-optic transmission. layer 1 defines the protocols that govern transmission media and signals. point-to-point: a circuit connecting two nodes only, or a config uration requiring a separate physical connection between each pair of nodes. port: the physical connector on a device en abling the connection to be made. port multiplier: a concentrator providing connection to a network for multiple devices. postscript: a printer/display protocol developed by adobe corp. postscript is an actual printing and programming language to display text and graphics. unlike line/as cii printers, which print character input verbatim, postscript printers accept and interpret an en tire postscript page before printing it. ppp: point-to-point protocol. the successor to slip, ppp provides router-to-rout er and host-to-network connections over both synchronous and asynchronous circuits. print server: a dedicated computer that manages printers and print requests from other nodes on the network. prom: programmable rom, a read-only memory whose data content can be altered.
glossary of terms cobox-fl user guide 11-13 protocol: any standard method of communicating over a network. remote access: access to network resources not located on the same physical ethernet. (physical ethernet here refers to an entire site network topology.) remote control: form of remote access where a device dialing in assumes control of anot her network node - all keystrokes on the remote are transl ated into keystrokes on the network node. used primarily with ipx protocol. remote node: form of remote access where the device dialing in acts as a peer on the target network. used with both ip and ipx protocols. repeater: a repeater is a network device that repeats signals from one cable onto one or more other cables, while restoring signal timing and waveforms. ring: a network topology in which the nodes are connected in a closed loop. data is transmitted from node to node around the loop, always in the same direction. rmon: snmp-based standard for reporting various network conditions. rmon has 10 different management groups which provide detailed information about a network. rlogin: rlogin is an application that provides a termin al interface between unix hosts using the tcp/ip network protocol. unlike telnet, rlogin assumes the remote host is (or behaves like) a unix machine rom: read-only memory, a memory device that retains its information even when power to it is removed. a rom version of a network device does not need to download, since the rom contains the entire executable code and thus never needs to reload it. frequently the rom is provided as "flash rom", which can be reprogrammed by downloading if the user chooses.
glossary of terms 11-14 cobox-fl user guide router: device capable of filtering/forwarding packets base d upon data link layer information. whereas a bridge or switch may only read mac la yer addresses to filter, routers are able to read data such as ip addresses and route accordingly. rtel: lantronix' "reverse telnet" software allows hosts using tcp/ip to establish a session with a device attached to a terminal server port. server: a computer that provides resources to be shared on the network, such as files (file server) or terminals (terminal server). session: a connection to a network service. shared ethernet: ethernet configuration in which a nu mber of segments are bound together in a single collision domain. hubs produce this type of configuration where only one node can transmit at a time. slip: serial line internet protocol, a protocol for running tcp/ip over serial lines. sna: systems network architecture. ibm's layered protocols for mainframe communications. snmp: simple network management protocol, allows a tcp/ip host running an snmp application to query other nodes for network-related statistics and erro r conditions. the other hosts, which provide snmp agents, respond to these queries and allow a single host to gather network statistics from many other network nodes. source code: programs in an uncompiled or unassembled form. spanning tree: an algorithm used by bridges to create a logical topology that connects all network segments, and ensures that only one path exists between any two stations.
glossary of terms cobox-fl user guide 11-15 store and forward: technique for examining incoming packets on an ethe rnet switch or bridge wh ereby the whole packet is read before forwarding or filtering takes place. st ore and forward is a sligh tly slower process than cut-through, but it does ensure th at all bad or misaligned packets ar e eliminated from the network by the switching device. spx: sequential packet exchange. novell's implementation of spp (sequential packet protocol). sqe: ethernet-defined signal quality test fu nction, frequently called "heartbeat." switch: multiport ethernet device designed to increase network performance by allowing only essential traffic on the attached individual ethernet segments. packets are filtered or forwarded based upon their source and destination addresses. t-connector: a t-shaped device with two female and one male bnc connectors. tcp/ip: transmission control protocol (tcp) and internet protocol (ip) are the standard network protocols in unix environments. they are almost always implemented and used together and called tcp/ip. telnet: telnet is an application that provides a termin al interface between hosts using the tcp/ip network protocol. it has been standardized so that "telnetting" to any host should give one an interactive terminal session, regardless of the remote host type or operating system. note that this is very different from the lat software, which allows only local network access to lat hosts only. 10base2: ethernet running on thin coax network cable. 10base5: ethernet running on thickwire network cable. 10base-t: ethernet running on unshielded twisted pair (u tp) cable. note that 10base-t is a point-to-point network media, with one end of the cable typically going to a repeater/hub and the other to the network device.
glossary of terms 11-16 cobox-fl user guide terminal server: a concentrator that facilitates communication between hosts and terminals. terminator: used on both ends of a standard ethernet or th inwire ethernet segment, this special connector provides the 50 ohm termination re sistance needed for the cable. tftp: trivial file transfer protocol. on computers that run the tcp/ip networking software, tftp is used to quickly send files across th e network with fewer security features than ftp. thickwire: half-inch diameter coax cable. thinwire: thin coaxial cable similar to that used for television/video hookups. throughput: the amount of data transmitted between two points in a given amount of time, e.g., 10 mbps. token: the character sequence or frame, passed in sequence from node to node, to indicate that the node controlling it has the right to tran smit for a given amount of time. token ring: developed by ibm, this 4 or 16 mbps network uses a ring to pology and a token-passing access method. topology: the arrangement of the nodes and connecting hardwa re that comprises the network. types include ring, bus, star and tree. transceiver: the actual device that interfaces between the network and the local node. the term generally refers to any connector, such as a mau, that actively convert s signals between the network and the local node. transceiver cable: cable that attaches a device either to a st andard or thin coax ethernet segment.
glossary of terms cobox-fl user guide 11-17 twisted-pair cable: inexpensive, multiple-conductor cable comprised of one or more pairs of 18 to 24 gauge copper strands. the strands are twisted to improve protection against electromagnetic and radio frequency interference. the cable, which may be either sh ielded or unshielded, is used in low-speed communications, as telephone cable. it is used onl y in baseband networks because of its narrow bandwidth. unix: a multitasking, multiuser computer operating system developed by at&t. several versions exist, e.g., the berkeley version. utp: unshielded twisted pair, one or more cable pairs surrounded by insulation. utp is commonly used as telephone wire. wide area network (wan): a network using common carrier transmission services for transmission of data over a large geographical area. workgroup switching: configuration in which a number of users are connected to an ethernet network via a switch. switching allows each user to get greater throughput than would be available through a hub. x.25 gateway access protocol: allows a node not directly connect ed to a public data network to access the facilities of that network through an intermediary gateway node. x.25 is the protocol standard governing packet-switched networks.

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